Tracing the DNA of Nokia through its many mergers and acquisitions

 Nokia’s recent announcement to acquire Infinera marks another significant step in the company’s extensive history of mergers and acquisitions. This deal aims to enhance Nokia’s networking capabilities, solidifying its position as a leader in the telecommunications industry. Over the years, Nokia has strategically acquired companies like Alcatel-Lucent in 2016, which greatly expanded its telecommunications equipment and services portfolio. This merger itself was a combination of Alcatel and Lucent Technologies, highlighting the layers of consolidation that have shaped Nokia into a global powerhouse.

Alongside these acquisitions, Nokia has been actively restructuring to streamline its operations and enhance profitability. As part of a strategic plan announced in October 2023, Nokia aims to empower its business groups with more autonomy and agility. This includes embedding sales teams directly into business groups to better align with customer needs and seize growth opportunities. The restructuring plan targets a reduction in the cost base by EUR 800–1,200 million by the end of 2026, involving significant operational changes and a projected reduction in personnel from 86,000 to between 72,000 and 77,000 employees. This restructuring is designed to ensure Nokia’s long-term sustainability and competitive edge in the evolving telecommunications landscape.

Nokia’s strategy focuses on leveraging its technological leadership and innovation to drive growth. The company emphasizes investments in 5G, cloud, and digital infrastructure to support future capabilities. By aligning its operations with market demands and enhancing its cost-efficiency, Nokia aims to maintain its position as a B2B technology innovation leader, ready to meet the challenges and opportunities of digitalization across various industries .

Here is a timeline of Nokia’s mergers, acquisitions, and strategic moves:

• 2021: Nokia acquired Deepfield, a network analytics company.

• 2021: Nokia formed a joint venture with China Huaxin, effectively withdrawing from direct operations in the Chinese mobile network market.

• 2020: Nokia acquired Elenion Technologies, a US-based company specializing in silicon photonics technology.

• 2020: Nokia acquired Unium, a software company specializing in mesh Wi-Fi technology for enhancing home networking solutions.

• 2016: Nokia acquired Withings, a French consumer electronics company specializing in health-related products (later rebranded as Nokia Health).

• 2016: Nokia acquired Alcatel-Lucent, significantly expanding Nokia’s presence in telecommunications equipment and services.

• 2016: Nokia sold its HERE digital mapping and location services business to a consortium of German automotive companies (Audi, BMW, and Daimler).

• 2015: Nokia acquired Siemens’ stake in the Nokia Siemens Networks joint venture, renaming it Nokia Networks.

• 2014: Nokia sold its Devices and Services division to Microsoft, which included the Lumia smartphone business.

• 2010: Nokia acquired MetaCarta, a company specializing in geographic search and referencing software.

• 2008: Nokia acquired Trolltech, a company known for its Qt development framework.

• 2008: Nokia acquired Navteq, a digital map data and location-based services company.

• 2006: Nokia acquired Intellisync, a mobile software and device management company.

• 2006: Nokia sold its mobile phone manufacturing plant in Bochum, Germany, amid restructuring efforts.

• 1998: Nokia acquired Technophone, a UK-based mobile phone manufacturer.

• 1997: Nokia acquired Ipsilon Networks, a company specializing in IP switching.

• 1991: Nokia acquired Mobira, a company specializing in radio telephones, marking its entry into the mobile phone market.

• 1988: Nokia sold its television manufacturing business to Finlux, exiting the consumer electronics market.

Alcatel-Lucent Pre-Acquisition by Nokia:

• 2014: Alcatel-Lucent acquired Optoplan, a provider of fiber-optic sensing technology.

• 2011: Alcatel-Lucent acquired OpenPlug, a mobile software company specializing in application development environments.

• 2011: Alcatel-Lucent acquired Kailight Photonics, an optical networking technology company.

• 2011: Alcatel-Lucent acquired the remaining stakes in LGS Innovations, focusing on secure networking solutions for the US government.

• 2010: Alcatel-Lucent acquired Velocix, a digital media delivery company.

• 2009: Alcatel-Lucent acquired ReachView Technologies, a provider of network operations and field maintenance services.

• 2008: Alcatel-Lucent acquired Motive, Inc., a provider of service management software for broadband and mobile data services.

• 2007: Alcatel-Lucent acquired Tropic Networks, a Canadian optical networking company.

• 2006: Alcatel merged with Lucent Technologies to form Alcatel-Lucent.

Lucent Technologies Timeline:

• 2005: Lucent Technologies acquired Riverstone Networks, a supplier of carrier Ethernet products.

• 2004: Lucent Technologies acquired Telica, a provider of next-generation switching technology.

• 2002: Lucent spun off Agere Systems, its semiconductor business.

• 2001: Lucent spun off Avaya, its enterprise communications systems and services unit.

• 2000: Lucent Technologies acquired Chromatis Networks, a maker of metropolitan area network optical systems.

• 2000: Lucent Technologies acquired Spring Tide Networks, a provider of IP service switches.

• 1999: Lucent Technologies acquired Ortel Corporation, a manufacturer of optical networking components.

• 1999: Lucent Technologies acquired Nexabit Networks, a high-speed switching company.

• 1999: Lucent Technologies acquired International Network Services (INS), a network consulting and integration company.

• 1999: Lucent Technologies acquired Kenan Systems, a billing and customer care software company.

• 1999: Lucent Technologies acquired Excel Switching Corporation, a provider of programmable switches for telecommunications networks.

• 1998: Lucent Technologies acquired Prominet Corporation, a company specializing in Ethernet switching products.

• 1998: Lucent Technologies acquired Yurie Systems, a manufacturer of ATM access products.

• 1998: Lucent Technologies acquired Ascend Communications, a major supplier of networking equipment.

• 1997: Lucent Technologies acquired Livingston Enterprises, a company specializing in remote access servers.

• 1997: Lucent Technologies acquired Octel Communications, a leading provider of voicemail systems.

• 1996: Lucent Technologies was spun off from AT&T as an independent company, comprising the former AT&T Network Systems and Bell Labs.

Alcatel Timeline:

• 2005: Alcatel acquired Spatial Wireless, a provider of mobile wireless network solutions.

• 2003: Alcatel acquired iMagicTV, a Canadian provider of software for IP television services.

• 2002: Alcatel acquired Astral Point Communications, a provider of optical networking solutions.

• 2000: Alcatel acquired Genesys, a leading provider of customer interaction management solutions.

• 2000: Alcatel acquired Assured Access Technology, a provider of remote access solutions.

• 2000: Alcatel acquired Packet Engines, a provider of high-speed network equipment.

• 2000: Alcatel acquired Xylan, a US-based network equipment manufacturer.

• 1998: Alcatel Alsthom was rebranded as Alcatel.

• 1997: Alcatel Alsthom acquired Digital Microwave Corporation, a US-based microwave communication company.

• 1996: Alcatel Alsthom acquired Newbridge Networks, a Canadian data networking company.

• 1993: Alcatel Alsthom acquired DSC Communications, a US-based digital switching company.

• 1991: Alcatel Alsthom acquired Rockwell International’s switching equipment business.

• 1990: Alcatel Alsthom acquired STL, a UK-based optical fiber and cable manufacturer.

• 1987: CGE merged with Alsthom, forming Alcatel Alsthom.

• 1986: CGE acquired Telettra, an Italian telecommunications equipment manufacturer.

• 1982: CGE acquired ITT Corporation’s European telecommunications business, forming Alcatel N.V.

• 1968: CGE acquired Compagnie Industrielle des Téléphones (CIT), which was later renamed CIT-Alcatel.

• 1925: CGE acquired Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (SACM).

• 1898: Compagnie Générale d’Electricité (CGE) was founded in France by Pierre Azaria.

Infinera Mergers and Acquisitions Timeline:

• 2015: Infinera acquired Transmode, a Swedish supplier of metro packet-optical networking solutions.

• 2018: Infinera acquired Coriant, a global supplier of open, disruptive, and hyperscale networking solutions.

Coriant Mergers and Acquisitions Timeline:

• 2013: Coriant was formed as an independent company after being spun off from Nokia Siemens Networks’ optical networking business.

• 2014: Coriant merged with Tellabs, a provider of packet optical and mobile backhaul solutions.

• 2015: Coriant acquired Sycamore Networks Solutions, a company specializing in intelligent bandwidth management solutions.

Tellabs Timeline:

• 1975: Tellabs was founded in Naperville, Illinois.

• 1992: Tellabs acquired Martis Oy, a Finnish provider of network management and transmission equipment.

• 1997: Tellabs acquired Coherent Communications Systems Corporation, a provider of network access products.

• 1998: Tellabs acquired Steinbrecher Corporation=

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CBRE Group acquires Direct Line Global for data center infrastructure

CBRE Group announced the acquisition of Direct Line Global, a provider of data center infrastructure, from Guardian Capital, a private equity firm. Financial terms were not disclosed

Direct Line Global, founded in 1997 and headquartered in Fremont, California, specializes in design, installation, maintenance, and management solutions for data center owners and operators, primarily serving the U.S. hyperscale market and major technology companies. The company has over 1,000 employees and significant operations in northern Virginia, as well as in Hong Kong, the Philippines, Singapore, and South Korea. Bill Nelligan, CEO of Direct Line Global, expressed enthusiasm for the growth opportunities afforded by CBRE’s global platform, particularly in the context of the booming demand for data and artificial intelligence. Direct Line Global will now operate within CBRE’s Data Centers Solutions business under the Global Workplace Solutions segment.

CBRE noted that this strategic acquisition would immediately boost its core earnings-per-share.

The acquisition aligns with CBRE’s strategy to enhance its capabilities in asset classes benefiting from the increasing digitization of the global economy. Vikram Kohli, COO of CBRE, highlighted that Direct Line Global’s technical services perfectly complement CBRE’s existing facilities management services. This combination allows CBRE to offer integrated data center solutions, providing a comprehensive service unmatched in the industry.

Key Points:

Acquisition Details: CBRE acquires Direct Line Global from Guardian Capital, enhancing earnings-per-share.

Service Integration: The acquisition combines Direct Line Global’s technical services with CBRE’s facilities management, offering unmatched integrated data center solutions.

Growth Potential: Direct Line Global benefits from CBRE’s global platform, expanding opportunities in the rapidly growing data and AI market.

Operational Scope: Direct Line Global has over 1,000 employees and operations in the U.S., Hong Kong, the Philippines, Singapore, and South Korea.

https://ir.cbre.com/press-releases/detail/232/cbre-enhances-differentiates-data-center-capabilities-with

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Amazon begins satellite manufacturing for Project Kuiper

 In preparation for Project Kuiper’s first full-scale launch later this year, Amazon is starting up satellite production and testing at a new facility in Kirkland, Washington. Opened in April, this 172,000-square-foot factory is set to become the manufacturing hub for the more than 3,000 satellites that will comprise Project Kuiper’s low Earth orbit constellation. The facility includes advanced custom equipment and a clean space environment designed to protect sensitive electronics, supporting rapid satellite production and testing.

In a blog post, Amazon said it now plans to ship the first completed production satellites this summer, with the inaugural full-scale Kuiper mission scheduled for the fourth quarter of this year aboard an Atlas V rocket from United Launch Alliance (ULA). The new facility is expected to produce up to five satellites per day at peak capacity. These satellites will be integrated with systems from partners like Beyond Gravity, Blue Origin, ULA, SpaceX, and Arianespace for deployment from launch sites in Florida and French Guiana.

• Facility Location: Kirkland, Washington

• Production Capacity: Up to five satellites per day

• First Full-Scale Launch: Q4 2024 aboard Atlas V rocket

• Partners: Beyond Gravity, Blue Origin, ULA, SpaceX, Arianespace

• Initial Satellite Deployment: Over 3,000 satellites in the coming years

Amazon’s Project Kuiper is a $10 billion initiative aimed at deploying a constellation of 3,236 satellites to provide high-speed internet access globally, particularly to underserved communities. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has granted approval for the deployment, requiring Amazon to launch at least half of the satellites by mid-2026. The project has achieved significant milestones, including successful tests of prototype satellites KuiperSat-1 and KuiperSat-2, which demonstrated high-speed, low-latency broadband capabilities. Amazon has partnered with key industry players such as United Launch Alliance, Blue Origin, and Arianespace for the satellite launches.

https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/innovation-at-amazon/inside-project-kuiper-satellite-facility-kirkland

• In December 2023 following successful tests of 100 Gbps optical links between its prototype satellites, Amazon confirmed that its is now confident in the optical inter-satellite link (OISL) capabilities of Project Kuiper.These tests validated Project Kuiper’s advanced communications architecture by maintaining 100 Gbps optical links between prototype satellites, KuiperSat-1 and KuiperSat-2, over nearly 621 miles (1,000 kilometers) for the entire test window. The plan now is for each Project Kuiper satellite to be equipped with multiple optical terminals to connect many satellites at a time, establishing high-speed laser cross-links that form a secure, resilient mesh network in space.

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New subsea cable lands at Timor-Leste

 On June 24th, 2024, the “Timor-Leste South Submarine Cable” (TLSSC) landed at the Cable Landing Station in Bebonuk, Dili. This groundbreaking project connects Timor-Leste to Darwin, Australia, marking a pivotal step in the nation’s digital transformation and showcasing its commitment to infrastructure development and modernization.

The TLSSC is a significant advancement for Timor-Leste, an island nation situated in Southeast Asia, northeast of Australia, with a population of approximately 1.3 million people. Since liberalizing its telecommunications sector in 2012, Timor-Leste has seen increased mobile service coverage across all municipal towns, reaching 96% of the population by 2015. Despite these strides, the country has relied on costly satellites for international connectivity. The government recognized these limitations and decided in 2016 to invest in an international optic fiber cable system to enhance connectivity and support economic growth.

At a press event, Prime Minister Gusmão highlighted the TLSSC’s role in stimulating economic activities, promoting diversification, and creating job opportunities. The fiber optic cable, capable of transferring data at 27 terabits per second, is a significant upgrade from the current 20-30 Gbps usage. With a length of 607 km, including seven repeaters and a dedicated Greater Sunrise Branch Unit, the cable ensures fast and secure internet connections to major hubs like Darwin, Sydney, and Los Angeles. The project was realized through the collaboration of Alcatel Submarine Networks, Vocus, and the Australian Government, with Australia’s Ambassador Caitlin Wilson and ASN’s Vice President Marc Genot lauding the initiative’s future benefits for the Timorese population.

Key Points:

• Historic Launch: TLSSC connects Timor-Leste to Darwin, Australia, marking a major step in the nation’s digital transformation.

• Significant Upgrade: The cable can transfer data at 27 Tbps, vastly improving upon current satellite-based international connectivity.

• Economic Impact: The TLSSC is expected to stimulate economic growth, job creation, and industry diversification in Timor-Leste.

• Collaborative Effort: The project involved key contributions from Alcatel Submarine Networks, Vocus, and the Australian Government, emphasizing international cooperation.

https://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=38073&lang=en&n=1

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NTT DATA launches Tsuzumi AI model on Microsoft Azure

NTT DATA announced the launch of Tsuzumi through the Microsoft Azure AI Models-as-a-Service (MaaS) offering. This development marks a significant milestone in their 25-year collaboration, focused on creating technological solutions that drive sustainability and innovation. Tsuzumi, a Large Language Model (LLM) proficient in Japanese and English, addresses environmental and financial challenges by adjusting model size without compromising performance, making advanced AI technologies accessible to a wider range of users. The model’s operational adaptability, through efficient tuning processes with industry adapters, enhances its relevance and versatility, reducing service provisioning costs.

• Milestone Launch: Tsuzumi AI model released on Microsoft Azure AI MaaS platform, marking a 25-year collaboration.
• Advanced Capabilities: Tsuzumi supports Japanese and English, tackling environmental and financial challenges by adjusting model size while maintaining performance.
• Operational Adaptability: Features efficient tuning with industry adapters for customized knowledge learning, enhancing versatility and reducing costs.
• Future Expansion: Initially available in Japan, with plans to expand globally and advancements in multimodality to meet evolving business needs.

https://www.nttdata.com/global/en/news/press-release/2024/june/ntt-data-announces-strategic-enhancement-of-collaboration

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Astera Labs to open R&D site in Bangalore

Astera Labs, a start-up based in Santa Clara, California,  plans to expand its operations to India with a new site in Bangalore set to open later this year. This expansion aims to leverage the region’s rich engineering talent to develop advanced interconnect technologies essential for AI architectures in data centers. 

Sanjay Gajendra, President and COO of Astera Labs, highlighted India’s thriving market and world-class technical workforce as key factors for this strategic move, supporting the company’s growth and vision. 

The Bangalore site will join Astera Labs’ existing R&D centers in Santa Clara, Toronto, Vancouver, and Haifa.

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Nokia to acquire Infinera for $2.3 billion

Nokia has agreed to acquire Infinera for $6.65 per share, representing an enterprise value of US$ 2.3 billion and a premium of 28% to Infinera’s share price at the close of 26 June 2024.

The combined entity will benefit from substantial in-house capabilities, including an expanded digital signal processor (DSP) development team and expertise in silicon photonics and indium phosphide-based semiconductor material sciences. Additionally, the merger will deepen Nokia’s competency in photonic integrated circuit (PIC) technology.

The merger will also strengthen Nokia’s presence in the North American optical market, an area where the two companies have minimal customer overlap. Infinera, which has established a solid foothold in North America with approximately 60% of its sales, will enhance Nokia’s optical scale in the region. This complements Nokia’s strong market positions in APAC, EMEA, and Latin America. The combination builds on Nokia’s commitment to US-based manufacturing and advanced testing and packaging capabilities.

The companies cited increased scale and profitability as driving factors for the merger.

Key benefits listed by Nokia

• Enhanced Global Scale: Increases Nokia’s Optical Networks business by 75%.
• Advanced Capabilities: Expanded DSP development, silicon photonics expertise, and PIC technology.
• North American Market Growth: Strengthens position with Infinera’s established presence.
• Enterprise and Webscale Expansion: Accelerates growth in the enterprise sector and webscale market, leveraging Infinera’s 30% sales in this segment and recent advancements in high-speed, low-power optical components.

Nokia said the deal will strengthen its leadership in optical and increase exposure to webscale customers, the fastest growing segment of the market. The combination with Infinera is projected to accelerate Nokia’s journey to a double-digit operating margin in its Optical Networks business. Nokia targets to achieve EUR 200 million of net comparable operating profit synergies by 2027. This transaction along with the recently announced sale of Submarine Networks will create a reshaped Network Infrastructure built on three strong pillars of Fixed Networks, IP Networks and Optical Networks. Nokia targets mid-single digit organic growth for the overall Network Infrastructure business and to improve its operating margin to mid-to-high teens level.

Under the deal, for each Infinera share, Infinera shareholders will be able to elect to receive either: 1) $6.65 cash, 2) 1.7896 Nokia shares, or 3) a combination of $4.66 in cash and 0.5355 Nokia shares for each Infinera share. All Nokia shares will be issued in the form of American Depositary Shares. The definitive agreement includes a proration mechanism so that the Nokia shares issued in the transaction do not exceed an amount equal to approximately 30% of the aggregate consideration that may be paid to Infinera shareholders.

Pekka Lundmark, President and CEO of Nokia, said: “In 2021 we increased our organic investment in Optical Networks with a view to improving our competitiveness. That decision has paid off and has delivered improved customer recognition, strong sales growth and increased profitability. We believe now is the right time to take a compelling inorganic step to further expand Nokia’s scale in optical networks. The combined businesses have a strong strategic fit given their highly complementary customer, geographic and technology profiles. With the opportunity to deliver over 10% comparable EPS accretion, we believe this will create significant value for shareholders.”

Federico Guillén, President of Network Infrastructure at Nokia, said: “Today, Network Infrastructure offers a unique portfolio across the fixed access, optical and IP networks domains built on leading technology innovation and a strong customer focus. This acquisition will further strengthen the optical pillar of our business, expand our growth opportunities across all our target customer segments and improve our operating margin. I am extremely pleased that we are bringing together these two talented and dedicated teams. Separately, we have long respected each other as competitors. Together, we find the logic of combination irresistible.”

David Heard, CEO of Infinera, said: “We are really excited about the value this combination will bring to our global customers. We believe Nokia is an excellent partner and together we will have greater scale and deeper resources to set the pace of innovation and address rapidly changing customer needs at a time when optics are more important than ever – across telecom networks, inter-data center applications, and now inside the data center. This combination will further leverage our vertically integrated optical semiconductor technologies. Furthermore, our stakeholders will have the opportunity to participate in the upside of a global leader in optical networking solutions.”

https://www.nokia.com/about-us/news/releases/2024/06/27/inside-information-nokia-to-acquire-infinera-to-increase-scale-in-optical-networks-and-accelerate-product-roadmap/

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Nokia to sell Submarine Networks business to French State

In a strategic move to streamline its portfolio, Nokia has announced plans to sell Alcatel Submarine Networks (ASN) to the French government. The telecommunications giant will initially retain a 20% stake in the company, with the intention of a full exit in the future. This decision aligns with Nokia's focus on core markets and its goal to improve profitability in its Network Infrastructure business group.

The proposed sale, which is subject to employee consultation and regulatory approvals, is expected to close by late 2024 or early 2025. The French State, represented by the Agence des participations de l'Etat (APE), has been deemed the most suitable custodian for ASN, given its long-term interest in critical infrastructure operations and maintenance. This move is anticipated to ensure continuity for ASN's customers, employees, and partners.

Following the divestment, Nokia's Network Infrastructure Business Group will be restructured to comprise three units: Fixed Networks, IP Networks, and Optical Networks. While this reorganization is projected to reduce the group's net sales by approximately €1 billion, it is expected to boost its operating profit margin by 100-150 basis points. Nokia has stated that this transaction will not affect its previously announced financial outlook for 2024.

 

Key points:

• Nokia to sell ASN to the French government, retaining a 20% stake initially
• Sale aligns with Nokia's strategy to focus on core markets and improve profitability
• Transaction expected to close by late 2024 or early 2025, subject to approvals
• Nokia's Network Infrastructure group to be restructured into three units
• Deal expected to reduce net sales but increase operating profit margin

Pekka Lundmark, President and CEO of Nokia, said: “This is a good step forward in our strategy of actively managing our portfolio. ASN has been a standalone part of our Network Infrastructure business and through the divestment, Network Infrastructure will benefit from a streamlined portfolio with a focus on growth and strengthening its technology leadership. ASN has gone through a significant transformation in recent years and has a strong market position. I am pleased we have found a natural owner for the business. The French State will ensure continued investment in ASN and protection of critical industry know-how.” 

 Alain Biston, President and CEO of ASN, said: “This is an incredibly exciting moment for ASN as we undertake the next phase of our development. The French State’s ownership gives us a stable platform to further develop our vertically integrated technology offering. This, combined with Nokia’s retained stake, underscores all parties’ aligned interests in delivering a smooth transition for the benefit of our customers, suppliers and other stakeholders.” 

 Bruno Le Maire, French Minister of Economy, said: “The French State, represented by the Agence des Participations de l’Etat (French shareholding Agency), is thrilled to announce its willingness to acquire 80% shareholding of ASN. The Company is one of the world leaders in the submarine cable market, and the only company of its kind in Europe.”

https://www.nokia.com/about-us/news/releases/2024/06/27/nokia-enters-into-an-agreement-with-the-french-state-regarding-the-sale-of-leading-submarine-networks-business-asn/

 

• Alcatel Submarine Networks (ASN) has a rich history dating back to the first submarine cables for telegraphs in the 1860s and 1870s. 
• Over the decades, through various mergers and acquisitions, ASN has evolved into a global leader in undersea communication networks.
• In recent years, ASN has been at the forefront of major submarine cable projects worldwide. One of its most notable achievements is the SEA-ME-WE 5 (South East Asia-Middle East-Western Europe 5) cable system, completed in 2016. This 20,000-kilometer cable connects Southeast Asia to Europe, enhancing connectivity across 17 countries. Another significant project is the Dunant cable, a joint venture with Google, stretching 6,600 kilometers across the Atlantic Ocean between Virginia Beach in the United States and Saint-Hilaire-de-Riez in France.
• ASN has also been instrumental in developing innovative technologies for the submarine cable industry. The company has pioneered advancements in fiber optic technology, amplification systems, and cable protection methods. Its contributions have been crucial in meeting the ever-increasing demand for global data transmission capacity, supporting the growth of internet usage, cloud computing, and international telecommunications.

Timeline

• 1923: Submarine Telegraph Company (STC) is founded in Paris, France, to lay underwater cables for telecommunications.

• 1954: STC merges with Compagnie Française de Télécommunications (CFT) to form Compagnie Générale de Télécommunications (CGT).
• 1969: CGT creates a dedicated submarine cable manufacturing division, which becomes known as Submarine Systems (SS).
• 1985: Alcatel is formed through the merger of CGT and ITT Corporation's European telecom activities.
• 1987: Alcatel acquires Submarine Systems (SS) and renames it Alcatel Submarine Networks (ASN).
• 1990s: ASN becomes a leading player in the submarine cable industry, providing turnkey solutions for fiber-optic cable systems.
• 1998: Alcatel acquires Vitrove, a French fiber-optic component manufacturer, and incorporates its technology into ASN's products.
• Early 2000s: ASN faces increased competition from other telecom equipment manufacturers, including Huawei.
• 2006: Alcatel merges with Lucent Technologies to form Alcatel-Lucent.
• 2013: Nokia acquires Alcatel-Lucent, including ASN, and merges it with its own submarine cable business.

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Marvell debuts 1.6T PAM4 DSP for active electrical cables

Marvell introduced a high-performance, 1.6T PAM4 DSP for active electrical cables (AECs) designed for the greater connectivity bandwidth requirements between AI accelerators, server to top-of-rack links and switch-to-switch interconnects within data center racks..s

The new Marvell Alaska A 1.6T DSP, which leverages 5nm process technology and over a decade of Marvell PAM4 leadershio, features eight 200 Gbps SerDes lanes to the host device and eight 200 Gbps SerDes lanes to the copper cable. The industry-leading equalization engine built into the Alaska A 1.6T DSP enables cable reaches of greater than three meters, addressing the reach requirements for inside-the-rack copper connections. The Alaska A 1.6T DSP is designed for next-generation accelerated infrastructure with 200 Gbps I/O interfaces on AI accelerators, GPUs, NICs and switches.

Key features of the Alaska A 1.6T AEC DSP include:

• Proven DSP-based 200G PAM4 SerDes
• Advanced digital equalizer with Feed Forward (FFE), Decision Feedback (DFE) and Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detection (MLSD)
• Greater than 3-meter reach at 200G/lane
• 200 Gbps per lane electrical line-side interface
• Optimized for QSFP-DD and OSFP form factors
• Retiming and gearboxing support
• Cable reference design for 1.6T AECs
• SDK support for advanced telemetry and diagnostics

The new device has gained support from leading copper cable manufacturers, including Amphenol, Molex, and TE Connectivity.

Marvell says the traditional method of using direct attached cable (DAC) for short-reach copper connections between AI accelerators and other components in server racks is facing limitations as data speeds increase to 200G/lane. The use of passive DACs is becoming less viable due to the declining distance over which they can effectively operate. To address this, Active Electrical Cables (AECs) are emerging as a critical solution. AECs leverage PAM4 DSPs to retime signals, thereby extending the reach of copper interconnects and allowing for the use of thinner cables in high-density data center environments.

“The next wave of AI clusters will need 200 Gbps signaling to handle the bandwidth requirements of generative AI and large language models,” said Venu Balasubramonian, vice president of product marketing, Connectivity Business Unit, at Marvell. “The newest addition to our Alaska A product line extends our leadership in delivering PAM4 DSP technology for short-reach copper connectivity for cloud AI clusters.”

https://www.marvell.com/company/newsroom/marvell-extends-connectivity-leadership-industry-first-1-6t-pam4-dsp-active-electrical-cables.html

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Etched.ai targets highest performance ASIC for AI transformers

Etched.ai, a start-up based in Cupertino, California, has introduced its Sohu ASIC, a specialized chip designed specifically for transformer architecture-based artificial intelligence models. According to the company, Sohu is capable of processing over 500,000 tokens per second in Llama 70B throughput, surpassing the performance of leading AI chips from Nvidia and other major players.

Key Points:

• Sohu ASIC claims to be the fastest AI chip of all time
• Processes over 500,000 tokens per second in Llama 70B throughput
• Designed specifically for transformer architecture-based AI models, such as ChatGPT, SD3, and Sora
• Partners with TSMC on 4nm process and secured HBM and server supply from top vendors
• Raised $120M in funding from multiple investors, including Primary Venture Partners and Positive Sum

https://etched.ai

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Google Cloud and Gulf Edge to offer sovereign cloud in Thailand

Google Cloud has entered a multi-year agreement with Gulf Edge Company to provide sovereign cloud services in Thailand. This partnership aims to support organizations in critical industries with their digital transformation efforts by leveraging advanced AI and analytics capabilities. The services will adhere to Thailand’s stringent data residency, security, and privacy requirements, ensuring data, operational, and software sovereignty for customers.

Key details of the collaboration include Gulf Edge’s authorization to operate Google Distributed Cloud (GDC) as a Managed GDC Provider (MGP), focusing on air-gapped configurations for Thai organisations. Deployment options will include GDC air-gapped on-premises or within Gulf Group data centers, offering flexible hardware choices to meet specific workload needs while ensuring compliance with local legal frameworks, such as the Personal Data Protection Act. Through GDC, organizations will access core features of Google Cloud’s Vertex AI, enabling the development and deployment of advanced ML and AI applications within Thailand. Additionally, customers can utilize Google Cloud’s hardware and software resources, including Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), NVIDIA Tensor Core GPUs, AlloyDB Omni database engine, and Dataproc, in a secure, air-gapped environment.

Key Points:

• Strategic Partnership: Google Cloud and Gulf Edge team up to deliver sovereign cloud services in Thailand.
• Managed GDC Provider: Gulf Edge authorised to operate Google Distributed Cloud with a focus on air-gapped configurations.
• Local Compliance: Solutions adhere to Thailand’s data residency, security, and privacy requirements, including the Personal Data Protection Act.
• Advanced AI Capabilities: Access to Google Cloud’s Vertex AI for developing ML and AI applications.
• Comprehensive Resources: Includes GKE, NVIDIA Tensor Core GPUs, AlloyDB Omni, and Dataproc in a secure environment.

Gulf Edge Company Limited is a subsidiary of Gulf Energy Development Public Company Limited, a prominent energy and infrastructure company based in Bangkok, Thailand. Gulf Energy Development is known for its extensive investments in power generation and infrastructure projects. 

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Singtel and Hitachi Digital collaborate to 5G + AI

Singtel announced a new collaboration with Hitachi Digital, a provider of comprehensive digital transformation services and technologies. This partnership will combine Hitachi’s advanced AI expertise with Singtel’s Paragon platform, an integrated orchestration solution for 5G, edge computing, and cloud services.

In the initial phase, Hitachi Digital will deploy the Paragon platform at Hitachi Americas’ Santa Clara R&D Labs. This will be followed by a pilot project at a U.S. factory to explore Industry 4.0 use cases. The pilot aims to validate the interoperability of Hitachi’s AI applications, focusing on quality assurance, workplace safety, immersive training, and pre-emptive maintenance using the Paragon platform. Additionally, this trial will facilitate the integration of Paragon with Hitachi’s industry cloud applications and digital services, addressing the challenges of complex, low-latency connectivity and enhancing productivity.

Hitachi’s pre-built Industrial AI applications, combined with the Paragon platform’s network and multi-cloud orchestration capabilities, will enable the creation of various Paragon-related offerings. These solutions are designed to help clients improve and accelerate their cloud operations. Moving forward, Hitachi Digital Services will market these offerings as a Singtel Paragon authorized System Integrator, providing a unique value proposition to enterprise customers seeking to leverage multiple network protocols for digital transformation in industrial environments.

Key Points:

• Strategic Collaboration: Singtel and Hitachi Digital join forces to integrate AI with 5G, edge computing, and cloud.
• Pilot Project: Initial deployment at Hitachi’s Santa Clara R&D Labs, followed by a U.S. factory trial for Industry 4.0 applications.
• Interoperability Testing: Focus on validating AI applications for quality assurance, safety, training, and maintenance.
• Enhanced Offerings: Creation of new solutions to improve cloud operations and digital transformation in industrial settings.

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América Móvil consolidates its share in Chile's ClaroVTR

América Móvil and Liberty Latin America confirmed that América Móvil will be consolidating ClaroVTR into its ongoing operations. 

ClaroVTR is a Chilean telecommunications company that operates under a joint venture of the Mexican telecommunications giant América Móvil and Liberty Latin America.

ClaroVTR was formed in 2000 through the merger of Chile's fourth and fifth largest telecommunications companies, VTR (owned by Telefónica) and Claro (owned by América Móvil).

In 2004, América Móvil acquired a majority stake in ClaroVTR, and since then, the company has expanded its services and network coverage across Chile.

In 2016, Liberty Latin America Limited, a publicly traded company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange, acquired a 20% stake in ClaroVTR from América Móvil for approximately $800 million. As of 2022, ClaroVTR has around 1.3 million subscribers across Chile.

In a press release, América Móvil said it has been providing fundingto ClaroVTR through convertible notes to support the execution of its business plan and for the refinancing of certain bank debt existing at the formation of the JV. Liberty Latin America had the right to catch-up its respective portion of such funding commitments by the middle of this year for ClaroVTR to continue as a 50:50 joint venture.

On June 23, 2024, Liberty Latin America informed América Móvil it would not be exercising such right. As a result, AMX will convert its outstanding notes held in ClaroVTR into equity resulting (subject to adjustments at closing) in a controlling interest of approximately 91%. LLA will continue to own approximately 9% of the equity of ClaroVTR (subject to final adjustments at closing). 

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Intel highlights 4 Tbps optical compute interconnect chiplet

Intel announced an integrated optical compute interconnect (OCI) chiplet co-packaged with an Intel CPU, representing a leap forward in high-bandwidth interconnect by enabling co-packaged optical input/output (I/O) in emerging AI infrastructure. 

The prototype chiplet was demonstrated earlier this year at OFC 2024 (see video below).

The fully Integrated OCI chiplet leverages Intel’s field-proven silicon photonics technology and integrates a silicon photonics integrated circuit (PIC), which includes on-chip lasers and optical amplifiers, with an electrical IC. The OCI chiplet demonstrated at OFC was co-packaged with an Intel CPU but can also be integrated with next-generation CPUs, GPUs, IPUs and other system-on-chips (SoCs).

This first OCI implementation supports up to 4 terabits per second (Tbps) bidirectional data transfer, compatible with peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) Gen5. The live optical link demonstration showcases a transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) connection between two CPU platforms over a single-mode fiber (SMF) patch cord. The CPUs generated and measured the optical Bit Error Rate (BER), and the demo showcases the Tx optical spectrum with 8 wavelengths at 200 gigahertz (GHz) spacing on a single fiber, along with a 32 Gbps Tx eye diagram illustrating strong signal quality.

The current chiplet supports 64 channels of 32 Gbps data in each direction up to 100 meters (though practical applications may be limited to tens of meters due to time-of-flight latency), utilizing eight fiber pairs, each carrying eight DWDM wavelengths. In terms of energy efficiency, the co-packaged solution consumes only 5 pico-Joules (pJ) per bit compared to pluggable optical transceiver modules at about 15 pJ/bit. 

Key features of Intel's OCI chiplet include:

• Fully integrated die stack, consisting of a single Intel® Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuit (PIC) with on-chip DWDM lasers and SOAs, and an advanced node CMOS electrical integrated circuit (EIC) with all the electronic devices required to form a complete optical I/O subsystem. No external laser source or optical amplification is required.
• The first-generation chiplet supports 4 Tbps bidirectionally, with a roadmap to tens of Terabits per second per device.
• Works over standard single-mode fiber (SMF-28). No polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) is required.
• A path to incorporate a detachable optical connector.
• Designed to be co-packaged with next-generation CPU, GPU, IPU, and other SOCs. Stand-alone on-board implementations can also be supported.
• Chiplet-level evaluation platforms to be available.
• Based on the field-proven Intel Silicon Photonics platform, which has already shipped more than 8 million PICs with over 32 million on-chip lasers embedded in pluggable optical transceivers for data center networking, with industry-leading reliability.

“The ever-increasing movement of data from server to server is straining the capabilities of today’s data center infrastructure, and current solutions are rapidly approaching the practical limits of electrical I/O performance. However, Intel’s groundbreaking achievement empowers customers to seamlessly integrate co-packaged silicon photonics interconnect solutions into next-generation compute systems. Our OCI chiplet boosts bandwidth, reduces power consumption and increases reach, enabling ML workload acceleration that promises to revolutionize high-performance AI infrastructure,” stated Thomas Liljeberg, senior director, Product Management and Strategy, Integrated Photonics Solutions (IPS) Group.

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/details/network-io/silicon-photonics.html

#OFC24: Intel's Optical I/O Chiplet Co-Packaged with Server CPU

Tuesday, April 02, 2024    

At #OFC24, Intel demonstrated an advanced Optical Compute Interconnect (OCI) chiplet co-packaged with a prototype of a next-generation Intel CPU.

The OCI chiplet contains a single Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuit (PIC) with integrated lasers, an electrical IC with RF Through-Silicon-Vias (TSV), and a path to incorporate a detachable/re-usable optical connector.  The 4 Tbps bidirectional chiplet is compatible with PCIe Gen5, supporting 64 lanes of 32 Gbps data in each direction over 10’s of meters, realized as eight fiber pairs each carrying eight DWDM wavelengths.

Christian Urricariet, Senior Director of Product Marketing, from Intel's Silicon Photonics Products Division explains:

- Intel demoed its first Optical Compute Interconnect(OCI) chiplet, a high-density optical interconnect solution for compute elements like CPU or GPU clusters.

- The capabilities of the OCI chiplet, which can support up to 4 terabits per second bi-directionally, and its integration with next-generation Intel CPUs.

- The performance of the OCI technology, showcasing its ability to run over standard, widely deployed single-mode fiber (SMF-28), without requiring Polarization Maintaining Fiber (PMF) like other technical approaches in the market.

https://youtu.be/xYmiAS5zoFE

See Intel's blog on this topic:

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Zayo selected for Nevada's Middle Mile project

The State of Nevada has awarded $153 million grant to Zayo to build, operate, maintain, and commercialize the state’s new Middle Mile Network project. 

Zayo will construct over 800 miles of the open-access, fiber optic network backed by funding from the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and the Office of Science, Innovation, and Technology (OSIT) to provide robust broadband access to unserved and underserved communities with routes through Reno and Las Vegas.

Project overview: 

The project encompasses two major routes:

• The US 93 Route through Las Vegas with an investment of $43.5 million from the NTIA Middle Mile Grant Program and $43.5 million funded by the Nevada Department of Transportation. 
• The I-80 Route through Reno with an investment of over $66 million funded by the Department of Treasury Capital Project Funds and the State of Nevada. 

The routes will connect over 40,000 unserved or underserved locations, including households, schools, libraries, community buildings and more. 

Zayo said the new routes will be built with its new Digital Equity Access Network (DEAN) architecture which enhances rural connectivity by lowering the barrier to entry for rural ISPs to build last-mile infrastructure by providing pre-provisioned, dedicated fiber backhaul and competitive IP pricing that matches metro market rates. The new architecture includes multiple interconnection points pre-built into the network, making connecting to our middle-mile more affordable for ISPs.  

Zayo also notes that this public-private partnership with the State of Nevada enables unique revenue-sharing opportunities that would not otherwise be available, enabling Zayo to operate, maintain, and commercialize the route to ensure the long-term sustainability and economic viability of the project. 

“Lack of reliable internet access puts communities and businesses at a severe disadvantage when it comes to entrepreneurship, employment, healthcare and education. Zayo’s work in the Nevada Middle-Mile project will help bridge the digital divide in these underserved areas,” said Bill Long, Chief Product & Strategy Officer at Zayo. “In addition, as Reno and Las Vegas emerge as major data center hubs, these two new routes will also enhance connectivity in these areas to support increased bandwidth needs. Together, the project will support profound societal and economic transformation for the State of Nevada.”

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Türk Telekom carries 800Gbps over 2300km with Nokia

Türk Telekom International (TTI) used Nokia’s sixth generation of super-coherent Photonic Service Engine (PSE-6s) technology to transmit an 800 Gbps single wavelength over 2,300 km -- a new distance record according to the companies.

The real-world field trial took place on a highly loaded commercial network with no regeneration on C+L band WDM infrastructure.

The two companies also conducted real-world demonstrations on similarly highly-loaded links delivering 700 Gbps single wavelength transmission over 2500km and 600 Gbps over 4100km. They were performed with no regeneration and with traffic loads near 95% of the maximum WDM capacity of the network, further highlighting the scale and performance of Nokia’s optical network solutions.

The companies said the field trial successfully achieved its main target: avoiding regeneration on routes between Turkey and Frankfurt with significantly higher line rates than 200Gbps and 300Gbps that are used today.

Zekeriya Erkan, Chief Technology Officer at TTI, said: “Our main target was to avoid regeneration between Turkey and Frankfurt with highly efficient lambdas for transporting aggregated 100GE and 400GE services. We were pleased to validate that the capabilities of the PSE-6S-based transponder on our existing C+L infrastructure allowed us to go beyond our goal and grow the wavelengths from 200/300Gbps to 600/700/800Gbps, thus scaling the overall bandwidth on a brownfield network. These are truly groundbreaking results that will allow us to offer more efficient services, reduced cost and greener transport to our customers.”

James Watt, Senior Vice President and General Manager of Optical at Nokia, said: “Faster, greener, more efficient.  This new industry benchmark of 800Gbps over 2,300 kilometers ticks all the boxes for organizations needing to transmit data at immense scale, over long distances, fast and with the minimum energy use.  In Türk Telekom, we have a partner who is ready to set the bar extremely high and help us push the limits of optical technology.  It’s gratifying to reach this important milestone together.”

https://www.nokia.com/about-us/news/releases/2024/06/26/nokia-and-turk-telekom-international-smash-800gbps-transmission-world-record-on-long-haul-commercial-network/

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Nokia teams with Google Cloud on telco APIs

Nokia is collaborating with Google Cloud to enhance 5G enterprise and consumer applications through telco infrastructure. This partnership will leverage Nokia's Network as Code platform, which will run on Google Cloud, integrating Google Cloud's data and generative AI solutions, including Vertex AI and Gemini 1.5 Pro. This integration aims to improve the developer experience by providing AI capabilities and coding assistance tools, thereby boosting productivity.

The collaboration will initially focus on healthcare, aiming to deliver better and safer customer experiences. Google Cloud’s extensive developer community, spanning various industries and geographies, will gain access to standardized 5G network capabilities worldwide through Nokia's platform. This will equip developers with the necessary tools to swiftly create new applications for their customers. Since its launch in September 2023, Nokia's Network as Code platform has signed collaboration agreements with 13 network operators and ecosystem partners across Europe, North America, and South America.

Key Points:

• Nokia and Google Cloud partner to enhance 5G applications via telco infrastructure.
• Nokia's Network as Code platform integrates Google Cloud's AI solutions to improve developer productivity.
• Initial focus on healthcare to enhance customer experiences.
• Google Cloud’s developer community will access global standardized 5G network capabilities.
• Nokia's platform has secured 13 collaboration agreements since its launch in September 2023.

https://www.nokia.com/about-us/news/releases/2024/06/18/nokia-and-google-cloud-collaborate-to-help-developers-worldwide-create-5g-applications-faster-with-telco-apis/

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Dell'Oro: campus Ethernet switch revenues dropped in Q1

Worldwide Campus Switch revenues dropped by 23 percent year-over-year (Y/Y) during the first quarter of 2024, according to a new report from Dell'Oro Group.  The only two vendors that grew Campus Switch revenues Y/Y in 1Q 2024 were Arista and Ubiquiti.

“Vendor backlogs of campus switch orders have now been completely run down, and the market is in a multi-quarter digestion cycle,” said Siân Morgan, Research Director at Dell’Oro Group. “The shipments of most port speeds declined, and the Average Sales Price (ASP) also dropped on a Y/Y basis.

“However, in 1Q 2024, Arista had its third sequential quarter of share gain, growing Campus Switch sales to large enterprises. Meanwhile, Cisco’s Campus Switch shipments contracted sharply.  This reduction contrasts with their shipments in 2023, when Cisco opened the “floodgate” for Catalyst and Meraki port shipments which had been on backorder,” added Morgan.

Additional highlights from the 1Q 2024 Ethernet Switch – Campus Report:

• The contraction in campus switch sales was broad-based across all regions, with the exception of CALA.
• Some vendors bucked the price trend and were able to grow port ASPs thanks to richer product mixes.
• 5/5.0 Gbps switch ports are expected to return to growth as shipments of Wi-Fi 7 Access Points accelerate.

https://www.delloro.com/news/campus-ethernet-switch-revenues-crash-to-a-two-year-low-in-1q-2024/

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NTT DATA and Zebra partner on 5G device ecosystem

NTT DATA has announced a strategic partnership with Zebra Technologies aimed at accelerating innovation within the 5G device ecosystem. The collaboration focuses on the development of devices designed for intelligent asset tracking and real-time monitoring in industrial and enterprise environments. These advancements are expected to significantly improve visibility, efficiency, and security in Industry 4.0 supply chain management.

A key aspect of this partnership addresses the limited availability of 5G devices for enterprises, which has been a barrier to the adoption of Private 5G networks. By combining their expertise, NTT DATA and Zebra Technologies plan to bridge this gap, with market analysts from Omdia predicting a 35% global growth in the enterprise Private 5G market, reaching nearly $10 billion by 2028. This partnership also establishes Zebra Technologies as a strategic partner in NTT DATA’s Device as a Service practice, facilitating easier access to 5G device lifecycle management and support for customers worldwide.

Key Points:

• NTT DATA and Zebra Technologies partner to enhance the 5G device ecosystem.
• The collaboration aims to improve asset tracking and real-time monitoring in industrial settings.
• The partnership addresses the shortage of 5G devices for enterprises, critical for Private 5G adoption.
• The enterprise Private 5G market is projected to grow by 35% globally, reaching nearly $10 billion by 2028.
• Zebra Technologies joins NTT DATA’s Device as a Service practice, simplifying 5G device management for customers.

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Cadence previews Janus Network-on-Chip interconnect tool

Cadence Design Systems introduced its Janus Network-on-Chip (NoC) technology for managing data delivery between silicon components in complex SoCs and disaggregated multi-chip systems. The Cadence Janus NoC manages these simultaneous high-speed communications efficiently with minimal latency, enabling customers to achieve their PPA targets faster and with lower risk.

The Cadence Janus NoC leverages Cadence's trusted Tensilica RTL generation tools and extensive software and hardware portfolio for simulation, emulation, and performance analysis. This flow enables architectural exploration, resulting in the best NoC design for product needs.

The Cadence Janus NoC addresses the routing congestion and timing issues common in complex SoC interconnects, often only apparent during physical implementation. As a first-generation NoC, it provides a platform for future innovations, including support for industry-standard memory and I/O coherence protocols.

Highlights

• Easy to use: Cadence’s GUI enables easy NoC configuration ranging from small subsystems to full SoCs and future multi-chip systems.
• Accelerated time to market: PPA-optimized RTL enables SoC designers to achieve their bandwidth and latency goals. Packetized messages enable higher utilization of wires, reducing wire count and timing closure challenges.
• Lower risk: The NoC’s built-in power management, clock domain crossing and width matching reduce design complexity.
• Quick turnaround: Cadence’s extensive simulation and emulation capabilities enable early architectural exploration, allowing quick validation of PPA results to ensure the configuration meets design requirements.
• Scalable architecture: Customers can design a subsystem and reuse it in a full SoC context of the NoC, allowing future reuse in a multi-chip system.
• Flexible: The NoC is compatible with any IP with an industry-standard interface, including AXI4 and AHB.

“Cadence is an established leader in IP and design quality, and we continue to invest in our foundational interface and processor IP, system IP, software and design services capabilities to enable our customers to develop differentiated and disaggregated designs,” said Boyd Phelps, senior vice president and general manager of the Silicon Solutions Group at Cadence. “The addition of the Cadence Janus NoC to our growing system IP portfolio is a key milestone in this strategy. Our evolution from an IP provider to an SoC design partner delivers greater value to our customers, empowering them to focus valuable engineering resources on differentiating their silicon.”

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Telefónica and Nokia collaborate on 5G Standalone Network APIs

Telefónica and Nokia have announced an agreement to explore new opportunities for 5G Standalone (SA) network APIs, aimed at supporting developers in creating innovative use cases for consumer, enterprise, and industrial customers. As part of this collaboration, Telefónica will utilize Nokia's NEF (Network Exposure Function) solution to provide developers with access to its 5G network capabilities.

Nokia's NEF solution, based on 3GPP specifications, enables developers to interface with well-defined functions in the core network, combining multiple APIs from different core functions into a new customized API. This simplified approach allows developers to create new applications that leverage the operator's 5G network capabilities, such as precise device location, enhanced notifications, and edge discovery.

The collaboration also leverages Nokia's Network as Code platform, a unified ecosystem that connects networks, systems integrators, and software developers. This platform allows developers to easily integrate advanced 5G capabilities into their applications, without requiring in-depth knowledge of underlying network technologies. Since its launch in September 2023, Nokia has signed collaboration agreements with 14 network operators and ecosystem partners worldwide.

Highlights

• Telefónica and Nokia are exploring the use of 5G Standalone (SA) network APIs to support developers in creating new use cases.
• Nokia's NEF solution enables developers to access Telefónica's 5G network capabilities, such as precise device location and enhanced notifications.
• The collaboration leverages Nokia's Network as Code platform, which provides a unified ecosystem for developers to integrate advanced 5G capabilities into their applications.
• Nokia has signed agreements with 14 network operators and ecosystem partners worldwide since the launch of its Network as Code platform in September 2023.

Cayetano Carbajo Martin, Core & Transport Director, Global CTIO at Telefónica said: “We are pleased to take this step with Nokia in recognition of the tremendous opportunity we have to further empower developers with the tools they require to deliver new use cases and experiences for their customers and beyond. This partnering agreement is about steering the industry in building new APIs and more use cases over 5G SA capabilities that have been launched across Telefonica’s main operations.”

Shkumbin Hamiti, Head of Network Monetization Platform, Cloud and Network Services at Nokia said: “There continues to be a rising recognition that sustaining closed networks is a thing of the past and that embracing ecosystems is the way forward for deepening collaboration and creating new use cases; delivering better customer experiences; and generating new revenue opportunities. Our agreement with Telefónica is added proof of the much greater telco ecosystem openness that we are now seeing today and we look forward to jointly working to support developers in harnessing a broader array of network capabilities.” 

https://www.nokia.com/about-us/news/releases/2024/06/25/telefonica-and-nokia-sign-agreement-to-boost-adoption-of-network-apis-leveraging-5g-sa-capabilities/

• The network API landscape is witnessing significant advancements, with major players like the Linux Foundation, GSMA, TM Forum, and MEF driving innovation and standardization. 
• Recently, the Linux Foundation announced the availability of its LF Network API, a unified API framework that enables developers to access and manage network resources across different providers. TM Forum, a global industry organization, launched its APIs for Digital Services (DSS) initiative, focusing on creating standards-based APIs for service providers to expose their digital services to developers and businesses. Meanwhile, MEF is pushing forward with its LSO (Lifecycle Service Orchestration) initiative, aiming to create a standardized framework for network APIs that enables seamless service orchestration across different networks.
• The GSMA is also actively involved in shaping the future of network APIs through its CAMARA (Common API for Mobile Applications and Services) project. CAMARA aims to define a set of common APIs that enable mobile operators to expose their network capabilities and services to third-party application developers, accelerating the development of innovative mobile services.The GSMA Open Gateway initiative launched with eight network APIs in 2023 and has since continued to expand. 

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