Sunday, June 15, 2003

StarGen Raises $15 Million for Switched Interconnects

StarGen, a start-up based in Marlborough, Massachusetts, received $15 million in third round venture funding for its advanced serial switched interconnect technology. To date, StarGen has shipped tens of thousands of StarFabric ports to over 50 companies for use in various applications, such as automated test equipment, servers, storage systems and medical imaging devices. In March, StarGen expanded its StarFabric product line by unveiling a TDM-to-StarFabric Bridge aimed at access communications equipment for voice, data, and video. The company is developing a complementary product line base upon the Advanced Switching standard and compatible with PCI Express. These switched interconnect products will targeted at blade servers, storage, and mid-range communications applications. Investors include Morgenthaler Ventures, St. Paul Venture Capital, Commonwealth Capital Ventures, and The Boston University Community Technology Fund.
http://www.stargen.com/
  • In July 1999, StarGen received $6 million in seed round funding, and, in July 2000, it received $20 million in Series B funding.

MathStar Develops Field Programmable Object Arrays

MathStar, a start-up based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, revealed architectural details of its new Field-Programmable Object Arrays (FPOAs), which are positioned as an alternative to 130nm ASICs and conventional FPGAs. MathStar said its FPOAs would give design teams flexible field re-programmability with deterministic 1GHz clock performance and attractive unit cost. To simplify the design process, cycle-accurate C-based functional models are directly mapped into the FPOA architecture. MathStar will target applications domains using customized mixes of object types, on-chip memory resources, and high-performance I/O. Initial target applications will include extreme DSP and wire speed packet processing and aggregation applications in 10 Gbps networking and storage equipment markets.
http://www.mathstar.com

Sierra Wireless to acquire AirPrime for CDMA Modules

Sierra Wireless agreed to acquire AirPrime, a privately-held supplier of high-speed CDMA wireless modules. Sierra Wireless markets a wireless PC card for portable computers, OEM modules for embedded applications, and rugged vehicle-mounted wireless systems. Under the deal, Sierra Wireless will issue approximately 3.7 million shares to the shareholders of AirPrime. The value to be received by AirPrime shareholders will equal 3.7 million shares multiplied by the closing price of Sierra Wireless shares on the day of closing. As a result of the combination, AirPrime shareholders will hold approximately 18.5% of the combined entity, based on the issued and outstanding shares.
http://www.sierrawireless.com
http://www.airprime.com
  • AirPrime has 78 employees and is located in Carlsbad, California. The company had revenues of $19.2 million in 2002, compared to $6.2 million in 2001.

Yahoo! and BT Plan Co-Branded Broadband Service for UK

Yahoo! and BT announced a far-reaching alliance to deliver a co-branded Internet experience to broadband and dial-up consumers in the UK. BT Yahoo! Broadband will offer an array of new features, including streaming news and entertainment. Yahoo! and BT expect to embark on a significant, coordinated joint marketing effort to support the suite of integrated products. The announcement follows a limited commercial arrangement by the companies in February of this year.
http://www.bt.com
http://www.yahoo.com

Internap to Acquire netVmg for Route Control Technology

Internap Network Services Corporation is in advanced discussions to acquire netVmg, a start-up specializing in Internet route optimization technology. The acquisition would position Internap as the only single-source provider of both network-based and premises-based routing services. Internap said the acquisition would allow it to provide end-to-end, Internet-wide performance guarantees that extend to the customer's location. Internap expects a transaction could be completed within weeks.
http://www.internap.com
  • In October 2001, netVmg, a start-up based in San Jose, California, first announced its plans for an Internet route control platform that provides near real-time optimization for IP traffic. NetVmg's Flow Control Platform (FCP) measures traffic performance across different Internet transit providers in near-real-time and then directs a customer's network traffic onto specific transit paths based on customer-specific criteria, including performance and cost. The system would also provide up-to-the-minute reports on customer-specific transit provider bandwidth usage, route changes and traffic delivery performance to select destinations. netVmg will ship its solution next month.


  • In February 2003, netVmg released version 3.0 software and introduced two new hardware platforms, the FCP 500 targeted for mid-sized enterprises, and the FCP 100, designed for smaller sites. With release 3.0, the FCP is topology aware, and can for the first time determine precisely where the “middle-mile�? of the Internet converges for each prefix, allowing the FCP to make route changes that are neither too broad nor too specific. Other key advances in the new release include algorithms to continually optimizes target Internet connections for both performance and cost.

Broadcom Offers 802.11b/g Boost based on Wireless Multimedia Enhancements

Broadcom released a software driver that delivers significantly better performance in 802.11g, 802.11a/g and 802.11b wireless LANs. Broadcom's Xpress technology is based on the Wireless Multimedia Enhancements (WME) specification, a fundamental element of the current IEEE 802.11e draft specification. Broadcom said customers will see the biggest benefit in mixed 802.11b and 802.11g wireless networks. The 802.11g standard requires the use of protection mechanisms to allow access points to manage the airspace in use by both 802.11g and 802.11b clients. Broadcom's Xpress technology re-packages data from multiple wireless exchanges into a single wireless exchange, reducing the inter-exchange overhead and increasing efficiency.
http://www.broadcom.com

UNH InterOperability Lab Deploys Marconi's ASX-4000

the University of New Hampshire InterOperability Laboratory (UNH-IOL) has deployed Marconi's ASX-4000 switch-router as a core router in a new production network. The UNH-IOL project, called Moonv6, is designed to demonstrate the security and reliability of IPv6, in cooperation with the worldwide IP community.
http://www.marconi.com
http://www.iol.unh.edu

XACCT Contributes its Network Accounting Protocol to IPDR.org

XACCT Technologies has contributed its CRANE (Common Reliable Accounting for Network Elements) protocol to IPDR.org, for adoption as the IPDR Streaming Protocol (IPDR/SP-TCP). The protocol can be used to export high volumes of accounting information from IP network and service elements to downstream OSS/BSS applications. XACCT said its CRANE protocol has been successfully implemented by over a dozen network equipment vendors and is already in use in carrier networks. The protocol is being used to capture usage data and revenue for SMS inter-connect accounting over SS7 over IP networks; to capture end-to-end service intelligence data across ATM/Frame Relay service for service level monitoring and reporting; and to collect and aggregate network data from probes distributed
across global networks.
http://www.xacct.com
http://www.ipdr.org

Nokia and Kodak Team Up for Mobile Photo Printing Service

Nokia and Kodak will jointly offer a service that lets users upload, store, share and order prints of photos taken with Nokia's imaging phones. The rollout of the Kodak Picture Center online service started in Europe today and will be followed by countries in Asia-Pacific in the second half of 2003. Kodak already offers its Ofoto service, with a similar functionality, to users of the Nokia 3650 imaging phone in the Americas.
http://www.nokia.com
http://www.kodak.com

Nokia Unveils SSL-based Remote Access Solution

Nokia introduced a unique remote access solution that uses Secure Socket Layer (SSL) technology running on its IP Security Platforms. Nokia said its Secure Access System allows enterprises to take advantage of the ubiquity of SSL browsers, while maintaining network integrity, even while accessing the corporate network via the public Internet or a Wi-Fi provider. Key features include:

  • Client Integrity Scan, which automatically performs a customizable vulnerability check on the user's device to establish the level of trust, and then combines that information with the user's identity to automatically adjust access privileges.


  • Advanced Access Control, enabling IT departments to roll out remote access services based on SSL, while ensuring the corporate security policy is enforced. This feature automatically adjusts user access privileges based on the user's identity, the device being used, and the security of the device at time of access.


  • Session Persistence, which allows users to resume work without losing data in the event that an SSL session times out.


Nokia's Secure Remote Access System will be available through the company's established global channel in Q3 2003.
http://www.nokia.com

Broadcom Unveils Secured Switch Processors

Broadcom announced two new secured switch processors that deliver advanced firewall and hardware-accelerated VPN capabilities for wired and wireless small-office/home- office (SOHO), remote-office/branch-office and small-to-medium enterprise routers and gateways. The new devices integrate an IPsec processor that supports industry-standard security features such as encryption, Internet Key Exchange acceleration and user authentication. As with Broadcom's other Sentry5 security products, an on-chip MIPS processor that runs application software and a 5-port 10/100 Ethernet switch are also integrated within the single chip. Both of the new devices have an on-chip true random number generator and a public-key processor to support up to 2048-bit public-key exchange algorithms like Diffie-Hellman, RSA and DSA. Both devices deliver up to 150 Mbps of single-pass AES/3DES encryption and HMAC-SHA-1/HMAC-MD5 authentication throughput and 150 Diffie-Hellman or 200 RSA 1024-bit public-key exchanges per second IKE negotiations.
http://www.broadcom.com

SBC Laboratories Sets Focus on Applied Research

SBC Communications has renamed its research and development arm and restated its charter to focus on applied research -- the development of next-generation products and services that can immediately benefit customers. SBC Laboratories, formerly known as SBC Technology Resources, has research facilities in Austin, Texas and Pleasanton, California. The main areas of research include VoIP, Wi-Fi, fiber-optic technologies, and network and Internet security. SBC Laboratories also will play a primary role in the evaluation and development of Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) technology in the coming months, as SBC Communications and other communications companies initiate an RFP process for recently announced common technical specifications. The division's executive team consists of.

  • David Deas, vice president, Networks & Services


  • John Erickson, vice president, Communications & Information Technology


  • Ralph Ballart, vice president, Broadband Infrastructure & Services


  • Harlie Frost, vice president, Chief Counsel


  • Steve Rosner, director, Finance & Services
http://www.labs.sbc.com

Nortel Networks Pushes IVR Technology to Smaller Contact Centers

Nortel Networks introduced a new Media Processing Server (MPS) 500 designed for Integrated Voice Response (IVR) applications at medium-sized contact centers and small service providers. The MPS 500 media processing server enables customer call centers to provide speech-enabled, self-service support. Nortel Networks said it also plans to offer service creation capabilities with the MPS 500 that will provide a dual application development environment supporting the PeriProducer GUI and Voice XML.
http://www.nortelnetworks.com

Cox Migrates its Long Distance Voice to National IP Backbone

Cox Communications, the fourth largest cable operator in the U.S., has begun to move its long distance voice traffic onto its national IP backbone. Cox is using Nortel Networks' Succession cable VoIP solution and Nuera Communications' media gateways. The companies confirmed that this is the first packet trunking deployment by a cable operator in North America. Cox currently has some 750,000 voice customers being served over Nortel Networks DMS circuit switches and is handling more than 24 million calls per day. Cox has now deployed Nortel Networks Succession Communication Server 2000 superclass softswitch and has begun to move long distance traffic onto its national IP backbone. Cox estimates this transition will save them millions of dollars in expenditures each year. Cox is also using Nuera's ORCA GX-21 and GX-8 VoIP media gateways. Financial terms were not disclosed.
http://www.nortelnetworks.com
http://www.nuera.com
  • Earlier this month, Cox Communications provided statistics regarding the influence that telephone and bundling offerings have on its customer relationships. These include:


  • 77% of Cox Digital Telephone customers chose Cox's long distance service offerings over competitors.


  • 47% percent of its Digital Telephone customers purchase a full bundle of voice, video and data services from Cox.


  • Over 40% percent of Cox's homes passed can order the company's telephone service today.


  • Phone and high speed Internet service reduces customer churn rates. Customer churn among two-product video subscribers is 25% lower than among video-only subscribers. Among three-product customers, churn is 53% lower.


  • Cox said that it continues to explore cost-effective ways to expand its phone service footprint and leverage its existing nationwide IP backbone network, including VoIP technology.


  • In May 2003, Juniper Networks announced that Cox Communications had deployed its T-series routing platforms in a national IP backbone. Juniper's T320 platforms serve as peering points in Cox's new IP backbone.



  • During Q1 2003, Cox added 154,433 high-speed Internet customers, ending the quarter with 1.6 million high-speed Internet customers, representing year-over-year growth of 56%. Penetration in California is now 24%, despite heavy marketing of SBC's DSL service in the region. The company believes it is capturing 7 out of every 10 high speed Internet customers in the markets it serves. Cable modem service is available in 96% of the Cox footprint. The company also added 64,126 Cox Digital Telephone customers, ending the quarter with 782,546 telephone customers, representing year-over-year growth of 52%.

Acterna Upgrades its SONET/SDH Test Solution

Acterna has added a service disruption analysis function to its ONT-50 Optical Network Tester platform. The new capability can be used to assess failure events on the tributary side of SONET and SDH network elements in the field -- thereby testing the "true" quality of a network's service. In addition to the enhanced APS analysis field capabilities, ONT-50 5.0 allows the lab user an in-depth analysis of service disruption events by detailing detected errors and alarms down to the frame. The resolution of detected outages or network activity is as precise as 125 microseconds, and analysis algorithms can be set flexibly by the lab user.
http://www.acterna.com

Socket to Deliver SD 802.11b card for PocketPCs

Socket Communications will begin shipping SDIO WLAN card for devices with SDIO-capable (Secure Digital Input Output) slots. The SDIO WLAN Card plugs into any SDIO card slot in a Pocket PC or Pocket PC Phone Edition running BSQUARE Corporation's SDIO Now! software and enables wireless Pocket PC connectivity to 802.11b networks. The tiny WLAN card uses the Intersil PRISM 3 chipset. The Socket card has an MSRP of $149.


The SDIO WLAN Card is one of three products in Socket's SDIO family, which includes a connectivity card with Bluetooth wireless technology and a bar code scanning card.
http://www.socketcom.com

Enterasys Unveils Security Routers for Regional Offices and Corporate Data Centers

Enterasys Networks introduced two new routers that integrated WAN, VPN and firewall technologies. The new XSR-3000 and XSR-4000 security routers are targeted at large branch and regional offices. Both products offer policy routing features for priority-sensitive applications. Additionally, extranet, site-to-site and remote-access VPN technologies enable secure employee access across the Internet. The routers also include policy-managed stateful-inspection firewalling. Commercial availability is expected in July 2003.
http://www.enterasys.com/xsr/

Metalink Supplies QAM VDSL Chips to Korea's HanA Systems

Metalink is supplying its QAM four band VDSL chipset to HanA Systems, a network equipment supplier based in Korea. HanA Systems is supplying IP-VDSL DSLAMs incorporating Metalink's chips for a network deployment in China's Sichuan province.
http://www.metalinkDSL.com

Natural Convergence and Nuera Announce VoIP Partnership

Natural Convergence and Nuera Communications announced a joint sales and marketing agreement that combines the Nuera VoIP gateway and softswitch offerings with silhouette, Natural Convergence's IP-based voice service for small business. The joint solution would enable carriers to deliver advanced VoIP services on their current broadband networks. Natural Convergence is a start-up based in Ottawa, Canada. The company was founded in April 2001 and is financed by Venture Investment Management Company, BDC, Primaxis, Jefferson Partners, Desjardins Venture Capital Group and Purple Angel.
http://www.naturalconvergence.com
http://www.nuera.com

Broadsoft Expands its Customer Base to 30

Broadsoft announced a new international customer deployment with GoTel Communications, a fixed-wireless provider in Jamaica, which will offer BroadWorks-based Hosted PBX and IP Centrex services. Broadsoft now claims 30 customers worldwide for its BroadWorks platform.
http://www.broadsoft.com

Infineon Supplies its QAM-VDSL Chipset to Korea's Telson

Telson I&C, a Korean networking equipment supplier, has designed its new XV4000 broadband access system using Infineon's QAM-based VDSL5100 chip set to support 50/30 Mbps data rates and dynamic band allocation as specified in the Benchmark Test requirements of Korea Telecom. Telson is one of the main suppliers of VDSL equipment to Korea Telecom (KT). Telson claims to have over 800,000 ports already installed in KT's network, all of them powered by Infineon's QAM-VDSL chip sets.
http://www.infineon.comttp://www.telsonic.co.kr
  • Earlier this month, Infineon Technologies introduced a new Modem-on-Chip (MoC) solution for access line card and customer premises equipment (CPE) designs. Infineon's chip incorporates the digital transceiver, analog front end (AFE) and line driver for a VDSL modem. The new VDSL5100i chip also features Infineon's Adaptive Hybrid technology, which enables filterless designs, thereby reducing the number of external components and associated cost, for both line card and CPE devices. Infineon said its VDSL chip provides an aggregate data rate of more than 100 Mbps, including asymmetric data-rates of 70/40 Mbps and symmetric data-rates of 50/50 Mbps over single-pair copper wires. It also features a software-controlled band plan and transport protocol selection for both native Ethernet as well as ATM traffic. Infineon claims its Long-Reach technology, which utilizes Band 0 frequencies, can extend the range of VDSL services to up to 13,200 feet (4 km).


  • Separately, Infineon announced that Huawei Technologies has designed a multi-range VDSL system based on its new QAM VDSL5100 chip set.

XO Offers Discounts on Directory, Audio Conferencing, Hosted Exchange and IVR Services

XO Communications announced discounts for Advanced Directory, Audio Conferencing, Hosted Microsoft Exchange and IVR services to customers choosing its XOptions bundle, which features local and long distance voice, Internet access and Web hosting.
http://www.xo.com

AboveNet Launches "Move to a Better Place" Web Hosting Campaign

In the wake of the recent decisions by Cable and Wireless and Sprint to exit the Web hosting business, AboveNet launched a new "Move to a Better Place" marketing campaign. AboveNet is Metromedia Fiber Network's (MFN's) recently announced brand name and planned company name upon emergence from bankruptcy.
  • On May 20, 2002, Metromedia Fiber Network, Inc. and most of its domestic subsidiaries commenced voluntary Chapter 11 cases in U.S. Bankruptcy Court. The company has requested a hearing on confirmation of its plan of reorganization on August 21.

AIH to Launch AsiaPac "A-Bone" VoIP Service

Asia Internet Holding Co. (AIH) is preparing to launch an "A-Bone" Internet telephony service next week covering the Asia-Pacific region. The wholesale service targets telecommunication service operators such as Internet telephony service providers and carriers by offering a Internet telephony to 239 countries and regions around the world. The company is also planning to launch a VoIP service for enterprises in Japan. AIH is using Sonus Networks' GSX 9000 platform as its VoIP gateway.
http://www.abone.net/Principle shareholders in Asia Internet Holding Co. (AIH) include Internet Initiative Japan (share holding ratio: 26.69%), Sumitomo Corporation (31.61%), NTT Communications, Itochu Corporation, Telekom Malaysia and Communications Authority of Thailand.

Senator McCain Introduces FCC Reauthorization Act Legislation

Senator John McCain (R, AZ), chairman of the Senate's Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, introduced a "FCC Reauthorization Act of 2003" aimed at reinvigorating the mission of the FCC. McCain said the FCC should be responsible for a wide range of duties, including establishing regulatory policies that promote competition, innovation, and investment in broadband services; ensuring that a comprehensive and sound national competitive framework for communications services exists; encouraging the best use of spectrum domestically and internationally; and providing leadership for the rapid restoration of the nation's communications infrastructure in the event of disruption. Among the changes introduced by this proposed legislation are:


  • authorizes the FCC to allocate sufficient funds to be used for an audit of the e-rate program to determine the specific fraud or abuse that has occurred during the operation of the program. Serious allegations of fraud in the operation of the e-rate fund have been raised in recent months.



  • the FCC would be required to report the results of such audits to the Senate's Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation



  • clarifies the FCC's review process of its own media ownership rules. Specifically, the bill sets forth the timing and the standard the FCC will use for reviewing its broadcast ownership rules. Currently, the FCC is required to review its broadcast ownership rules every two years. The bill lengthens the duration between reviews from two years to five years. At a recent hearing, all five FCC Commissioners recommended this change.



  • modifies the media review standard to specifically allow the FCC to repeal, strengthen, limit, or retain media ownership rules if it determines such changes are in the public interest.



  • increases the statutory cap on FCC fines and forfeitures by a factor of ten. FCC commissioners have complained in the past that large corporations simply absorb fines as a cost of doing business rather than modifying their behavior. The FCC would also be given the authority to assess fines against direct broadcast satellite (DBS) operators just as they do against cable operators



  • clarifies that a party injured by a common carrier's violation of FCC rules or orders may recover damages for such injury in an action before the FCC or before a United States District Court



  • gives the FCC the power to seize broadcasting equipment where one engages in malicious interference to radio communications.



  • allows the FCC to preclude a successful bidder in a spectrum auction from using bankruptcy to avoid its obligation to pay for its spectrum license.



  • bans the payment or reimbursement to the FCC of travel costs for FCC officials or staff from a nongovernmental sponsor of a convention, conference, or meeting.



  • imposes a one-year lobbying ban on high-level FCC staffers who leave the FCC's employment



  • provides the FCC with the authority to require video descriptions of television programming to assist those who are visually impaired.



  • reauthorizes the FCC through the fiscal year 2007.



In a separate written statement, FCC Chairman Michael K. Powell applauded the legislation saying he supports many of these proposed changes.http://commerce.senate.gov/newsroom/printable.cfm?id=205012
  • In August 2002, Senator John McCain (R, AZ) proposed a new Consumer Broadband Deregulation Act of 2002 (S.2863) that sought to deregulate the retail provision of residential broadband services and dictate a hands-off approach to the deployment of new facilities by telephone companies while maintaining competitors' access to legacy systems


  • In October 2002, Senator John McCain (R-AZ) proposed a Telecommunications Ownership Diversification Act of 2002 (S. 3112) aimed at leveling the playing field between small business owners and CEOs of huge corporations trying to purchase a telecommunications business.


  • Neither bill has been enacted into law.

DragonWave Gains FCC Approval for Unlicensed 24 GHz Band

DragonWave, a start-up based in Ottawa, Canada, gained FCC approval for its point-to-point broadband wireless solution for the unlicensed 24 GHz (ISM) band. DragonWave's AirPair 100 point-to-point wireless solution delivers 100 Mbps service over distances of up to 30 km without repeaters using this unlicensed band. DragonWave said the newly available 24 GHz band would remain relatively interference free compared to the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz unlicensed because this public spectrum band has been set aside for point-to-point radio links and will not be used for everyday consumer devices such as microwave ovens, garage door openers or cordless phones. The DragonWave solution could be used for Ethernet access services with 802.1q VLAN tagging or as a wireless backhaul for other network services. The DragonWave AirPair products can be configured, calibrated and aligned in a matter of hours using a custom PDA tool.


TowerStream, a privately held provider of high-speed wireless Internet access, has deployed DragonWave's 24 GHz solution as the core link between its radio towers and one of its Boston Network Access Points. TowerStream delivers T-1 and up Internet access to commercial bandwidth users.
http://www.dragonwaveinc.com
  • DragonWave was founded in February 2000 and has raised $39 million (Canadian) to date. The company has 72 employees. Investors include Enterprise Partners, Celtic House, Investor's Group, Venture Coaches, EDB Singapore, VentureLink Capital and others.


  • DragonWave's founding team came out of Newbridge Networks, where they had developed the first generation of LMDS "wireless ATM" radio systems.


  • DragonWave's first products shipped in March 2001 and entered commercial service in September 2001. The point-to-point platform can operate in 18 to 32 GHz spectrum worldwide. In addition to the 100 Mbps platform, DragonWave offers a Gigabit fixed wireless solution.


  • Announced customers include Telecom Ottawa, the Niagara Falls Bridge Commission, Quad Cities and Navigata Communications.



Intel Invests in Tropos Networks for Cellular Wi-Fi Architecture

Intel has made an investment in Tropos Networks, a start-up based in San Mateo, California that is pursuing a cellular Wi-Fi architecture for metro scale networks. Financial terms were not disclosed. Tropos' architecture enables Wi-Fi cells to self-organize and, using wireless backhaul, forward data to each other along the optimal path to a wired network connection. In addition to the investment Tropos received from the Intel Communications Fund, the company announced in February that it raised $8.3 million in funding from Benchmark Capital, Boston Millennia Partners, Hanna Ventures and Voyager Capital.http://ww.troposnetworks.com
  • In May 2003, Tropos Networks (formerly FHP Wireless), a start-up based in San Mateo, California, unveiled a cellular Wi-Fi mesh networking system designed to provide city-sized coverage at a fraction of the cost of current hot-spot architectures. Rather than having wireline backhaul at each Wi-Fi node, Tropos creates an intelligent, switch mesh among overlapping Wi-Fi cells. Routing intelligence embedded into each node enables the Wi-Fi cells to self-organize and, using wireless backhaul, forward data to each other along the optimal path to a wired network connection. The concept has been field-proven by Coastside Net, a wireless ISP that is operating a Tropos network in Half Moon Bay, California. Tropos said its Wi-Fi cellular concept is also being adopted by several U.S. municipalities, which are building city-wide Wi-Fi to provide wireless data to police cars and for public access. Tropos' product line includes both indoor and outdoor (telephone pole or light pole mounted) access points with the embedded mesh networking software. Tropos estimates that a typical network cost will range from $20,000 to $50,000 per square mile, depending on the geography and RF environment.