Verizon to offer 5G network edge computing with AWS Wavelength

Verizon will be the first carrier to offer the new AWS Wavelength service to provide developers the ability to deploy applications that require ultra-low latency to mobile devices using 5G.  The service targets latency-sensitive use cases like machine learning inference at the edge, autonomous industrial equipment, smart cars and cities, Internet of Things (IoT), and augmented and virtual reality. The idea is to position AWS compute and storage services at the edge of Verizon’s 5G network.

The companies are currently piloting AWS Wavelength on Verizon’s edge compute platform, 5G Edge, in Chicago for a select group of customers, including video game publisher Bethesda Softworks and the National Football League (NFL). Additional deployments are planned in other locations across the U.S. in 2020.

Verizon 5G Edge provides mobile edge computing and an efficient high-volume connection between users, devices, and applications. AWS Wavelength lets customers deploy the parts of an application that require ultra-low latency to the edge of the network and then seamlessly connect back to the full range of cloud services running in AWS.

AWS also listed Vodafone Business, KDDI, and SK Telecom as partners.

“We are first in the world to launch Mobile Edge Compute -- deeply integrating Verizon’s 5G Edge platform with Wavelength to allow developers to build new categories of applications and network cloud experiences built in ways we can’t even imagine yet,” said Hans Vestberg, CEO and Chairman of Verizon. “Bringing together the full capabilities of Verizon’s 5G Ultra Wideband and AWS, the world's leading cloud with the broadest and deepest services portfolio, we unlock the full potential of our 5G services for customers to create applications and solutions with the fastest speeds, improved security, and ultra-low latency.”

“We’ve worked closely with Verizon to deliver a way for AWS customers to easily take advantage of the ubiquitous connectivity and advanced features of 5G,” said Andy Jassy, CEO of AWS. “AWS Wavelength provides the same AWS environment -- APIs, management console, and tools -- that they’re using today at the edge of the 5G network. Starting with Verizon’s 5G network locations in the US, customers will be able to deploy the latency-sensitive portions of an application at the edge to provide single-digit millisecond latency to mobile and connected devices. ”

https://aws.amazon.com/wavelength/?hp=r

Microsoft and AT&T preview Network Edge Compute

Tuesday, November 26, 2019  AT&T, Microsoft  

Microsoft and AT&T announced select preview availability for Network Edge Compute (NEC) technology, which weaves Microsoft Azure cloud services into AT&T network edge locations closer to customers. NEC will initially be available for a limited set of select customers in Dallas. Next year, Los Angeles and Atlanta are targeted for select customer availability. NEC is enabled by AT&T’s software-defined and virtualized 5G core, which the...

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AWS previews EC2 instances running its own Graviton2 processors

AWS offered a sneak peek at its next generation of Arm-based EC2 instances powered by its own Graviton2 processor.

Graviton2 is a custom AWS design that is built using a 7nm manufacturing process and based on 64-bit Arm Neoverse cores. AWS says it can deliver up to 7x the performance of the A1 instances, including twice the floating point performance. Additional memory channels and double-sized per-core caches speed memory access by up to 5x.

AWS estimates up to 40% better price performance over comparable current generation instances for a wide variety of workloads, including application servers, micro-services, high-performance computing, electronic design automation, gaming, open-source databases, and in-memory caches.

Graviton2 will be able to run Amazon Linux 2, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Ubuntu, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, Fedora, FreeBSD, and Debian. Container support includes Docker, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service, Amazon Elastic Container Service, and Firecracker.

https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/graviton/

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AWS adds VPC Ingress Routing

AWS introduced Amazon VPC Ingress Routing, a new service designed to help customers simplify the integration of network and security appliances within their network topology. For example, VPC Ingress Routing allows customers to scan all ingress traffic with an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) appliance or to use the same firewall in the cloud as on-premises.

Customers are able to define routing rules at the Internet Gateway (IGW) and Virtual Private Gateway (VGW) to redirect ingress traffic to third-party appliances, before it reaches the destination.

AWS announced a number of partners, including:

• 128T Session Smart Routers
• Aviatrix and AWS 
• CloudGuard IaaS 
• Cisco 
• Citrix ADC 
• FireEye 
• Fortinet
• IBM Security 
• Lastline’s Network Detection and Response Platform 
• NETSCOUT for Smart Data Intelligence
• Palo Alto Networks' VM-Series Virtual Next-Generation Firewall 
• ShieldX 
• Sophos – Know where your VPC traffic is going
• Trend Micro
• Valtix 
• Vectra
• Versa Networks

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AWS extends Oregon data center region to LA over private backbone

AWS has activated a Los Angelese Local Zone to provide single-digit millisecond latency to applications accessed in Southern California.

The new Local Zone in Los Angeles is a logical part of the AWS US West (Oregon) Region and is connected over Amazon’s private backbone network. Connections to the public internet take place across an Internet Gateway.

Customers using the AWS Local Zone in LA will be able to run various AWS services (including Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, Amazon Virtual Private Cloud, Amazon Elastic Block Store, Amazon File Storage, and Amazon Elastic Load Balancing, with Amazon Relational Database Service support coming in a few months) local to their LA-based end-users for applications that require single- digit millisecond latencies.

AWS plans to launch Local Zones in other cities.

“Customers are excited about AWS Outposts because it gives them on-premises access to AWS compute, storage, and database with the same APIs, control plane, tools, and hardware as they get in AWS Regions. But, for some of our customers, they either don’t have an on-premises data center or want to get rid of their local data center, but still have a need for some of their workloads to run locally given latency requirements,” said Peter DeSantis, Vice President, AWS Global Infrastructure.
https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/localzones/

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Aruba integrates SD-WAN into AWS Transit Gateway

Aruba is integrating its SD-WAN solution with the new AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager.  This will greatly simplify the deployment and management of networks connecting remote branch locations to Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (Amazon VPCs).

The integration enables customers deploying the Aruba SD-WAN solution alongside AWS will have the ability to monitor and manage connectivity between AWS resources and their on-premises locations using either Aruba Central or AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager in a simple and intuitive manner. Aruba Central completely automates the process of setting up and managing these networks using Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to interact with AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager.

“With branch locations scaling up to the hundreds – if not thousands – of sites, the need for flexibility and simplified management powered by the cloud is critical,” said Kishore Seshadri, vice president and general manager of SD-WAN Solutions at Aruba, a Hewlett Packard Enterprise company. “The integration between Aruba’s SD-WAN solution and AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager uses the power of the cloud to seamlessly connect branches to workloads in any region by connecting to the closest AWS Transit Gateway, accelerate VPN connectivity for any branch bypassing the public Internet, and deliver branch-to-branch connectivity in different AWS Regions.”

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Cisco ties its SD-WAN into AWS Transit Gateway

Cisco announced tighter integration between its SD-WAN and AWS Transit Gateway. The aim is to automate and manage connectivity from branches to the AWS Cloud, using the Cisco vManage SD-WAN Controller.

Network operators will be able to create end-to-end connectivity between users and cloud-hosted apps, while applying network segmentation and security policies to traffic flows. The system will also enable policy exchange between Cisco SD-WAN Controller and AWS Transit Gateway, which will allow IT teams to implement consistent network and data security rules.

Cisco also announced a second integration that extends its data center networking solution, ACI Anywhere, to AWS Outposts. Outposts are Amazon’s on-premise services for running applications that require the lowest possible latency or that have local data-processing requirements. The aim is allow customer to use Cisco’s policy-driven automation controller, ACI, to translate their business intent and policy models into consistent on-premise and cloud-native constructs that are deployed across AWS applications.

https://blogs.cisco.com/enterprise/cisco-and-aws-extend-partnership-in-campus-datacenter

Cisco expands its data center architecture with ACI Anywhere

Sunday, February 03, 2019  Cisco  

Cisco announced a new data center architecture that extends its Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) framework into public data and its HyperFlex hyperconverged servers into branch offices. The idea is "ACI Anywhere" and "HyperFlex Anywhere."

To bring this “data center anywhere” vision to life, Cisco is introducing a range of innovations across networking, hyperconvergence, security and automation. They include:

• The expansion of ACI into the cloud with Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure environments. ACI is Cisco’s intent-based networking solution for the data center. It integrates with all hypervisors and container frameworks on which applications are deployed. With ACI Anywhere, that journey extends ACI to any workload, any location, any cloud. Virtual ACI already supports bare-metal clouds and remote edge locations. And now with the new Cloud ACI capabilities, Cisco extends automation, management, and security to AWS and Microsoft Azure by fully integrating with their Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) environments.  This will be available in Q2.
• The extension of HyperFlex into branch offices and remote locations to power applications at the edge. Cisco said this allows customers to seamlessly extend computing and storage from their core data centers to the edges of their operations. This will be available in Q2.
• Enhancements to CloudCenter to help customers manage the lifecycle of applications across multiple cloud environments.  The new CloudCenter Suite now features full application lifecycle management, greater workflow automation, and significantly enhanced cost optimization and governance.
• A simpler way for customers to buy and manage the technology across the entire data center architecture, via a single Enterprise Agreement.

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ADVA supplies 5G network timing for U.S. operator

A major U.S. communication service provider is deploying ADVA's timing technology to synchronize national 5G services. The name of the carrier was not disclosed.

The operator is using ADVA's OSA 5420 Series of grandmaster clocks with GPS receivers to deliver highly accurate and reliable phase and frequency synchronization to the edge of its network, enhancing LTE connectivity and enabling mass 5G rollout. The OSA 5420 provides fully assured PTP timing and extended holdover performance, removing vulnerability to GPS outages.

“Our synchronization technology is ideal to support these new 5G services. As a source of phase and frequency timing, our OSA 5420 Series meets the stringent accuracy requirements that Tier 1 carriers need to take their spectrum utilization to new levels,” said Nir Laufer, senior director, product line management, Oscilloquartz. “With its extended holdover, our OSA 5420 helps to ensure next-generation services that are not only extremely fast but also reliable and resilient. It empowers this major American CSP to deliver the benefits of 5G connectivity to mobile, residential and enterprise customers right across the country.”

https://www.adva.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/20191203-adva-timing-technology-synchronizes-major-us-5g-network

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Silver Peak links into AWS Transit Gateway

Silver Peak is integrating its Unity EdgeConnect SD-WAN edge platform with the new AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager.

This will enable enterprises to manage and monitor connectivity between AWS and their branch locations from a single console within AWS. Enterprises will gain a global view of cloud and network resources and will be able to centrally monitor and manage connectivity from branch and remote locations to cloud resources wherever they reside.

“We are pleased to expand our collaboration with AWS, announcing integration between the Unity EdgeConnect SD-WAN edge platform and the new AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager,” said David Hughes, founder and CEO of Silver Peak. “The new AWS Transit Gateway Network Manager will enable customers to centrally monitor and manage connectivity from on-premise EdgeConnect deployments to network devices on AWS, providing a global view of network telemetry, events and changes to deliver the highest quality of experience to branch and remote site users.”

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CenturyLink intros managed Network Storage

CenturyLink introduced a managed solution that allows businesses to store and manage data anywhere the CenturyLink network can reach.

The software-defined storage service encompasses block storage, object cloud storage, and cloud disaster recovery.

 "CenturyLink Network Storage is a flexible data management solution that delivers storage and transport capabilities closer to where businesses require them, helping improve processing times while also reducing data storage and processing complexity across cloud, datacenter and edge environments."

https://www.centurylink.com/business/hybrid-it-cloud/cloud-storage.html

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Frontier appoints Bernie Han as CEO

Frontier Communications appointed Bernie Han as President and CEO and a member of the Board, effective repacing Daniel McCarthy, who is stepping down as President and CEC and from his position on the Board.

Han previously served as CFO, COO and as Executive Vice President, Strategic Planning at DISH Network. He previously worked as Chief Financial Officer at Northwest Airlines, and Chief Financial Officer and Chief Marketing Officer at America West Airlines. He received his Master of Business Administration, Master of Electrical Engineering and Bachelor of Science degrees from Cornell University. Mr. Han currently serves on the Board of Directors of Frontier Airlines.

Mr. Han stated, “Frontier has a strong core business that maintains the trust of millions of customers across the country, and I am honored to take on the role of CEO at a time where we have both challenges to overcome and substantial opportunities ahead. I look forward to working with the Board of Directors and leadership team as we continue to execute on our initiatives to drive operational performance, invest in our business and become a stronger partner to our residential and enterprise customers.”

Mr. McCarthy stated, “It has been an incredible experience leading Frontier over the last four years, and I leave knowing the Company is in great hands with Bernie at the helm of this skilled and dedicated organization. I remain a firm believer in Frontier’s future. I look forward to cheering the team on, and I want to thank everyone I have had the pleasure to work with and learn from during my time with Frontier.”

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Russia's Rostelcom picks Juniper for IP Transport Backbone

Rostelecom, the largest digital services provider in Russia, selected Juniper for a large scale modernization of its IP Transport Backbone.

The contract covers Juniper Networks’ MX Series 5G Universal Routing Platform and PTX Series Packet Transport Routers. Financial terms were not disclosed.

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T-Mobile US activates 5G on 600 MHz nationwide spectrum

T-Mobile activated commercial 5G service using its 600 MHz spectrum. T-Mobile 5G is now active across its nationwide network, covering more than 200 million people and more than 5,000 cities and towns.

T-Mobile is offering two new 5G phones: the exclusive OnePlus 7T Pro 5G McLaren and the Samsung Galaxy Note10+ 5G. Both units are ready to use Sprint’s 5G spectrum (2.5 GHz) when available from the New T-Mobile if the merger closes.

5G access costs the same as LTE.

“5G is here on a nationwide scale. This is a HUGE step towards 5G for All,” said John Legere, CEO of T-Mobile. “While Dumb and Dumber focus on 5G for the (wealthy) Few, launching in just a handful of cities — and forcing customers into their most expensive plans to get 5G — we’re committed to building broad, deep nationwide 5G that people and businesses can access at no extra cost with the New T-Mobile … and today is just the start of that journey.”

“The carriers have been over-hyping 5G for years now, setting expectations beyond what they can deliver. When Verizon says #5GBuiltRight, they must mean sparse, expensive and limited to outdoors only,” said Neville Ray, T-Mobile President of Technology. “Meanwhile at T-Mobile, we built 5G that works for more people in more places, and this is just the start. With the New T-Mobile, we’ll see 5G speeds follow the same path as LTE, increasing exponentially over time. Plus, real broad and deep 5G will unleash whole new categories of innovation that will touch almost every area of the economy. The 5G future is bright, and it starts today.”

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AWS previews Quantum Computing cloud service

AWS is previewing new, fully-managed quantum computing cloud service based on hardware from D-Wave, IonQ, and Rigetti. The AWS Braket service allows scientists, researchers, and developers to experiment with quantum computing.

The company is also launching an AWS Center for Quantum Computing that will bring together quantum computing experts from Amazon, the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), and other top academic research institutions. In addition, an Amazon Quantum Solutions Lab will connect customers with quantum computing experts from Amazon and its technology and consulting partners.

“With quantum engineering starting to make more meaningful progress, customers are asking for ways to experiment with quantum computers and explore the technology’s potential,” said Charlie Bell, Senior Vice President, Utility Computing Services, AWS. “We believe that quantum computing will be a cloud-first technology and that the cloud will be the main way customers access the hardware. With our Amazon Braket service and Amazon Quantum Solutions Lab, we’re making it easier for customers to gain experience using quantum computers and to work with experts from AWS and our partners to figure out how they can benefit from the technology. And with our AWS Center for Quantum Computing and academic partnerships, we join the effort across the scientific and industrial communities to help accelerate the promise of quantum computing.”

https://aws.amazon.com/braket/

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Ericsson tests 5G Spectrum Sharing with Swisscom and Telstra

Ericsson completed an industry-first data call using spectrum sharing on a 3GPP Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) band. The call connected Bern, Switzerland and Gold Coast, Australia, using Ericsson Spectrum Sharing deployed in Swisscom and Telstra’s commercial 5G networks at the respective sites.  Pre-commercial 5G smartphones from OPPO, powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System, were used on both ends of the call. OPPO is the first 5G device manufacturer to implement Ericsson Spectrum Sharing in its smartphones. 

The data call success validates the support for Ericsson Spectrum Sharing across its 5G ecosystem, from chipsets to 5G devices, and communication service providers’ network products and solutions. The strengthening of the ecosystem is also a step towards the commercial introduction of Ericsson Spectrum Sharing.

Ericsson Spectrum Sharing, part of Ericsson Radio System, is a dynamic spectrum sharing solution based on the 3GPP standard with additional intelligent scheduler algorithms. This allows the deployment of both 4G and 5G in the same band through a software upgrade, and dynamically allocates spectrum based on user demand. The switch between 4G and 5G carriers happens within milliseconds, minimizing spectrum wastage and enabling best user performance.

Fredrik Jejdling, Executive Vice President and Head of Networks, Ericsson, says: “This industry-first highlights the value that Ericsson Spectrum Sharing has to communication service providers as they roll-out and ramp-up 5G. With this milestone achieved with our 5G ecosystem partners OPPO, Qualcomm Technologies, and customers Swisscom and Telstra, we’ve shown that our unique solution will not only enable service providers to re-use their 4G spectrum assets for 5G but that it will also support all 5G devices. It is the most economically feasible way to launch 5G on existing bands, enabling nationwide 5G coverage and helping make 5G accessible around the world.”

https://www.ericsson.com/en/press-releases/2019/12/ericsson-spectrum-sharing-milestone-connects-continents-5g-live-networks-and-5g-devices

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MainOne connects Ivory Coast and Senegal with Subcom's WSS ROADM

Two new branches of the MainOne Cable System are ready for service. The branches, which extend from the MainOne omnibus cable between Seixal, Portugal, and Accra, Ghana, have landing stations in Dakar, Senegal, and Grand Bassam, Ivory Coast, and are connected to MainOne’s 7,000km cable system, which runs from Portugal to Nigeria.

Both branches utilize SubCom’s SL17-A1 cable on the system and is designed to maximize flexibility of wavelength distribution between landing stations. The branches use SubCom’s undersea WSS ROADM technology and a spectrum sharing solution on the omnibus fiber pairs to achieve wavelength distribution.

Subcom says the use of the WSS ROADM technology is not only a first for Africa, but the first to be put into service in a system, worldwide. The WSS ROADM, when applied along with the terrestrial ROADM functionality in Ghana, provides MainOne with direct transmission between the new landings and all of the previous landings, including Lagos, Nigeria. Furthermore, the system has a protected, diverse terrestrial route with automatic protection switching between the cable landing station (CLS) and the PoP in the Ivory Coast.

“We’re very pleased to have completed the MainOne branch extensions, utilizing some of our new technology to provide more network flexibility,” said Debbie Brask, VP Project Management at SubCom.

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Juniper names Raj Yavatkar as CTO

Juniper Networks named as Raj Yavatkar as Chief Technology Officer, replacing Bikash Koley who is leaving the company.

Yavatkar is currently an IEEE Fellow and previously headed the development of Network Virtualization Infrastructure and products for Cloud Networking at Google. Prior to Google, Yavatkar held leadership roles at VMware and Intel where he pioneered new hybrid cloud product categories and served as the Chief Software Architect to deliver four generations of IXP family of Network Processing Units (NPUs). He also founded a Systems Technologies Lab (STL) and led advanced R&D in technologies such as system security, manageability and virtualization. Yavatkar received Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Technology in Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology and a PhD degree in Computer Science from Purdue.

"Raj is a visionary who has been able to translate a deep understanding of customer and market needs into breakthrough products and solutions for the past fifteen years. I’m truly pleased and honored to have Raj help us in our strategy to change networking for the cloud era," said Rami Rahim, CEO, Juniper Networks.

Juniper appoints Bikash Koley, formerly with Google, as CTO

Wednesday, July 19, 2017  Juniper, People  

Juniper Networks has named Bikash Koley as chief technology officer (CTO), reporting to chief executive officer Rami Rahim, with responsibility for charting Juniper's technology strategy and leading and executing several of the company's critical technology innovations, including Contrail and AppFormix.

Mr. Koley, who is expected to join Juniper in August 2017, has extensive experience in both IP and optical domains and in designing and operating large scale networks.

Mr. Koley is currently serving as a distinguished engineer and the head of network architecture, engineering and planning at Google. He is an expert in the areas of software-defined networking (SDN), packet and optical network integration, warehouse-scale computing and large-scale data centre interconnection.

While with Google, Bikash Koley designed, built and operated Google's production network infrastructure, spanning data centre, backbone(s), optical and the content edge. His team also oversaw the company's SDN evolution, network technology strategy and networking research and innovation, enabling ubiquitous programmability and high reliability.

Prior to Google, Mr. Koley served as the CTO of Qstreams Networks, a company he co-founded. He also spent a number of years with Ciena in a range of technical roles related to the development of DWDM and Ethernet technologies.

What's happening with 400G?

Thursday, November 14, 2019  400G, Juniper  

It's happening, but maybe not quite yet except for the hyperscale clouds. Bikash Koley, CTO of Juniper Networks, provides a quick update on 400G, including a mention of the upcoming in-house silicon photonics.

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Hawaiki subsea cable to extend to New Caledonia

Hawaiki Submarine Cable announced a multi-million dollar contract to connect its transpacific cable system to New Caledonia , including a subsea branch to the capital city of Noumea.

The new cable, dubbed Tomoo, benefits from a customized network design, including connection of both New Caledonia’s Main Island and Isle of Pines. Tomoo is scheduled for completion by 2021.

The Hawaiki cable system recently celebrated the one-year anniversary of its connection to American Samoa. In that short time, the US territory has reported a 10-times increase in internet speeds and an exponential increase in business and residential connections.

“Thanks to SCCI and the Tomoo cable, New Caledonia will be able to enjoy the multiple benefits of Hawaiki’s international connectivity and boost the development of its digital economy, both locally and in the Pacific region,” said Hawaiki chief sales officer, Virginie Frouin.

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Apple completes purchase of Intel's Smartphone Modem Business

Intel completed the sale of the majority of its smartphone modem business to Apple.

The deal, which was valued at $1 billion, includes intellectual property, equipment, leases and approximately 2,200 Intel employees.

Intel said the transaction enables it to focus on developing technology for 5G networks while retaining the option to develop modems for non-smartphone applications, such as PCs, internet of things devices and autonomous vehicles.

Combining the acquired patents for current and future wireless technology with Apple’s existing portfolio, Apple will hold over 17,000 wireless technology patents, ranging from protocols for cellular standards to modem architecture and modem operation. Intel will retain the option to develop modems for non-smartphone applications, such as PCs, internet of things devices and autonomous vehicles.

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GTT completes acquisition of KPN International

GTT Communications completed its previously announced acquisition of KPN International, which operates a global IP network serving enterprise and carrier clients. GTT paid approximately €50 million in cash, on a cash and debt-free basis.

The acquisition adds more than 400 strategic enterprise and carrier clients. GTT will also be the preferred international network supplier for several hundred additional clients retained by KPN.

GTT said the purchase adds to its portfolio of cloud networking services with wide area networking, internet and transport services, and adds depth to its global Tier 1 IP network in Europe across 21 countries.

“The great client base contributed by this acquisition, combined with a talented group of employees, strengthens GTT’s presence in Europe,” said Rick Calder, GTT president and CEO. “We are pleased to welcome this blue-chip roster of clients from KPN International who can now access GTT’s expansive global network and comprehensive service portfolio, as we deliver on our purpose of connecting people across organizations, around the world and to every application in the cloud.”

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Amazon backs 3 more solar power projects

Amazon announced two new renewable energy projects in the US and one in Spain.

Amazon is backing solar projects in Lee County, Illinois and in Northern Virginia totaling 180 MW. The facilities are expected to generate almost 400,000 MWh of renewable energy annually. This will be Amazon’s first large-scale renewable energy project in the state of Illinois and ninth in the Commonwealth of Virginia.

In Spain, Amazon is pursuing a large-scale solar project southeast of Sevilla. Once complete, the new solar farm will provide 149 megawatts (MW) of new renewable capacity.

To date, Amazon has launched over 70 renewable energy projects that will provide over 1,900 MW of renewable capacity and are projected to deliver more than 5.3 million MWh of renewable energy annually. These projects include 21 utility-scale wind and solar farms and more than 50 solar rooftops installed on fulfillment centers and sort centers around the globe.

“Earlier this year, we announced The Climate Pledge, setting a goal to meet the Paris Agreement 10 years early and be net zero carbon by 2040. We also plan to run on 80% renewable energy by 2024 and 100% renewable energy by 2030,” said Kara Hurst, Director of Sustainability, Amazon. “We’re committed to investing in renewable energy as a critical step toward addressing our carbon footprint globally.”

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