#OFC24: A New Class of Silicon Photonics for AI Data Centers

Silicon Photonics is poised to play a much greater role in data centers going forward. 

Loi Nguyen, EVP and GM, Optical from Marvell explains how:

- The introduction of Marvell's  Marvell 3D SiPho Engine, a highly integrated silicon photonics engine that can deliver 6.4 Tbps, enabling faster speeds for future AI technologies.

- The successful use of silicon photonics technology in the metro market to connect data centers, and its potential for wider use within data centers.

- The increasing demand for bandwidth due to AI and machine learning, and how silicon photonics can meet this demand with highly integrated optics.

Featuring 200G I/O, 3D SiPho Engine delivers 2x the bandwidth, 2x the input/output (I/O) bandwidth density, and 30% lower power per bit versus comparable devices with 100 Gbps electrical and optical interfaces.

https://youtu.be/TC2-S66FrOM

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#OFC24: Indium Phosphide (InP) Interconnect for AI Infrastructure

 Check out OFC Conference and Exposition 2024 videos here: https://ngi.fyi/ofc24yt

Indium Phosphide (InP) components will play a critical role connecting AI clusters across and between data centers, yet only a few vendors have deep expertise in Indium Phosphide. Robert Shore, SVP of Marketing from Infinera, provides a quick primer:

- The challenges faced by network operators due to the rapid growth of artificial intelligence, particularly in building and interconnecting AI clusters in data centers.

- The limitations of existing technologies like VCSELs or silicon-based technologies in transmitting information over longer distances within data centers, and how Infinera's Indium Phosphide technology excels in this area.

- Infinera's integrated InP photonic integrated circuit not only lowers costs and increases manufacturability, but also reduces power per bit, a crucial factor for data center operators.

- Infinera can help network operators to establish a secure supply chain in the United States of highly-integrated, low-power, and high-performance optics for AI clusters.

https://youtu.be/koBOzg4SmjU

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#OFC24: Co-Package Optics (CPO) Takes a Huge Step Forward

 The big players are now making significant bets on co-packaged optics (CPO) as a driver a for the highest performance interconnects in AI clusters. Hamid Arabzadeh, CEO from Ranovus, gives us the update from #OFC24:

- The significant investment in co-packaged optics by major industry players like TSMC, Nvidia, Broadcom, AMD/Xilinx, SilTerra, and Mediatek, and how this technology is being utilized in AI and Edge AI applications where traditional modules don't fit.

- The development of a new generation of co-packaged optics that includes the laser inside the module, allowing for breakthroughs in power consumption and beachfront density where copper could not provide.

- The design and manufacturing process of these optics, integrating multiple components inside a single die, using the silicon photonics substrate as a packaging platform, and achieving substantially lower power consumption than other technologies.

https://youtu.be/cdcAgMlsSFY

Keep up to speed with CPO, as it is poised to have a major impact of AI system design.

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#OFC24: Demonstrating Marvell's Latest Portfolio Solutions for AI

Marvell is building a full-range of solutions for AI infrastructure. At #OFC24. George Hervey, Principal Architect from Marvell, shows a full-rack with the latest technologies:

- A demonstration of Marvell's racks of solutions for AI infrastructure, including their latest product portfolio and coherent optics driven by their integrated MacSec retimer solution.

- An exploration of their 51 terabit switch solution, showcasing interaction with their AEC cable solution at 800 gig, extending the reach up to 5m and 

- A detailed look at their 51T platform demonstrating a liquid cooling option developed by their partners in Taiwan, and an additional 51T platform using 64 800F OSFP modules, showcasing interoperability across the portfolio.

https://youtu.be/JX9B4TO6Vmg

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#OFC24: Transmit-Retimed Optical DSPs Yield Huge Power Savings

 A new category of optical DSPs, Marvell's new Spica Gen2-T is designed for transmit retimed optical (TRO) modules, an emerging class of modules for AI and cloud use cases. Transmit-only DSPs enable TROs to reduce power consumption by more than 40% compared to conventional transceivers. Xi Wang, Vice President from Marvell, provides the overview:

- Introduction of Marvell's new product, the Spica Gen2-T, a transmit-only DSP that enables a new class of optical module, the Transmit Real Time Optical module.

- The Transmit Real Time Optical module allows operators to save 40% of power consumption while maintaining flexibility and scalability with a DSP based module.

- With this new class of optical module, not only is performance guaranteed and power reduced, but operators are satisfied and we contribute to saving the world. 

https://youtu.be/SJBKArfJYSY

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#OFC24: New 800ZR and 800ZR+ Pluggables Extend Reach

 The coming wave of 800ZR and 800ZR+ pluggable optics deliver outstanding performance over distance.  Stephen Adolph, AVP, CDSP Product Line Management from Marvell explains:

- At #OFC24 Marvell demonstrated its Orion DSP housed inside an OSFP module, perfect for for hyperscale network operators who need more distance from their network.

- The introduction of the Probabilistic Constellation Shaping (PCS) technology. This technology is important as it allows customers to extend their 800G reach to over 1,000 kilometers.

- The progression of technology from 800ZR, which supports up to 100 kilometers, to 800ZR+, which supports up to 500 kilometers, and finally to PCS, which significantly extends the reach. This progression is key to keeping the cost of scaling networks down and extending their capabilities to higher reach and capacities.

https://youtu.be/kn7B_zkeEQI

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#OFC24: Key Trends in Optical Networks and AI

What's hot in the world of optical transmission? Richard Colter, Head of Marketing from Fujitsu Network Communications shares these insights from #OFC24:

- The latest enhancements to the 1FINITY Ultra Optical System, which now boasts a baud rate of up to 150 gigabaud, extending its reach and improving performance in DCI and Long Haul networks.

- The critical role of AI automation in open networks, making them easier to operate, design, and troubleshoot. 

- The shift in funding towards green initiatives to modernize networks and drive more broadband rollouts. Fujitsu is at the forefront of this change, offering services that help bridge the digital divide by building new broadband networks and modernizing existing ones.

https://youtu.be/MdBXRFyx3Ps

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#OFC24: Massive Upgrades Coming with 200G per Lane Channels

One of the biggest trends at this year's OFC was the move to 200G per lane. Xi Wang, Vice President from Marvell, discusses:

- The current trend of moving to 200G not only on the GPU side but also the networking interface card, Ethernet switches, and Infiniband switches.

- Marvell's introduction of Nova 2, an optical DSP that has native 200G per lane electrical interfaces, enabling 200G per lane optical channels.

- How Nova enables module manufacturers to develop a wide range of industry-standard form factor optical modules that deliver 2x more bandwidth than current 800 Gbps optical modules 

https://youtu.be/SITh6mG5hWI

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Huawei posts 2023 revenue of US$99.4 billion, up 9.63%

Citing steady growth in its cloud computing and digital power businesses, Huawei generated revenue of CNY704.2 billion in 2023 and CNY87 billion in net profits, in line with the company's expectations.

2023 revenue by business

• The ICT infrastructure business generated CNY362 billion, up 2.3% YoY. 
• The consumer business recorded CNY251.5 billion, up 17.3% YoY. 
• The cloud computing business brought in CNY55.3 billion, up 21.9% YoY. 
• The digital power business earned CNY52.6 billion, up 3.5% YoY. 
• The intelligent automotive solution business generated CNY4.7 billion, up 128.1% YoY.

The company invested CNY164.7 billion back into R&D, which accounted for 23.4% of its annual revenue. Altogether, the company's R&D investment over the past decade amounts to CNY1.11 trillion.

"The company's performance in 2023 was in line with forecast," said Ken Hu, Huawei's Rotating Chairman. "We've been through a lot over the past few years. But through one challenge after another, we've managed to grow. The trust and support of our customers, partners, and friends around the world is what helped us keep going, keep surviving, and keep growing."

"A new journey awaits us in 2024," Hu concluded. "We will create greater value for our customers and society by driving open innovation, building thriving ecosystems, and succeeding through quality. Here I'd like to thank those who have joined us – and will join us – along the way. Together, let's make something extraordinary. Let's build a fully connected, intelligent world."

In addition, Mr. Xu Zhijun (Eric Xu) will assume the position of Rotating and Acting Chairman of Huawei from April 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024. During his term, Mr. Xu will serve as the company's top leader, and head the Board of Directors and its Executive Committee. Mr. Xu joined Huawei in 1993 and has served as President of the Wireless Network Product Line, Chief Strategy & Marketing Officer, Chief Products & Solutions Officer, Chairman of the Investment Review Board, Rotating CEO of Huawei, and Chairman of the Strategy & Development Committee (SDC). Currently, Mr. Xu serves as Deputy Chairman of the Board and Rotating Chairman of Huawei.

https://www.huawei.com/en/news/2024/3/huawei-annual-report-2023

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stl expands fiber deliveries for Australia's Vocus

Vocus, which owns and operates more than 25,000 kms of fibre network across Australia, will expand its usage of STL's ultra-slim profile Micro cables and flagship Stellar fibre. Using such a bend-resilient fibre will improve Vocus network quality with lower losses, higher network availability and longer lifetime. 

In the last three years, STL has supplied more than 1000 kms of optical fibre cable to Vocus and is committed to providing the most sustainable, quality products by being 'first in the world' to launch a range of externally certified Eco-labelled Optical Products.

"At Vocus, we believe connectivity should enable potential and, as a result, performance and reliability are key to the work we do to empower businesses and communities across Australia with superior network solutions," said Matt Walsh, Vocus' Chief Customer Officer. "STL's optical technology expertise, innovation and approach to sustainability are aligned with our operational, social and climate impact goals, and we look forward to continuing our partnership."

Commenting on this engagement, Paul Atkinson, CEO - Optical Networking Business, STL, said: "Our collaborative efforts with Vocus in developing tailored optical fibre solutions reflect our shared commitment to delivering high-speed connectivity across Australia and resonates with our purpose of transforming billions of lives by connecting the world. We are confident that our advanced optical networking solutions can elevate Vocus' network quality, guaranteeing exceptional connectivity."

https://stl.tech/about-us/

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Eutelsat 36D launched to Geostationary Transfer Orbit

SpaceX successfully launched the EUTELSAT 36D satellite to a Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) from Kennedy Space Center on March 30, 2024.

Constructed on the Airbus Eurostar Neo platform, EUTELSAT 36D is set to take over from EUTELSAT 36B at the 36° East position in orbit, where it will work in conjunction with EUTELSAT 36C. With 70 Ku-band transponders onboard, EUTELSAT 36D is engineered to ensure continuous service with enhanced performance for Video broadcasting across its service area. 

Eva Berneke, CEO of Eutelsat Group, commented: “EUTELSAT 36D is now on its way to replace EUTELSAT 36B at the 36° East orbital position. We are looking forward to its entry into service in the second half of calendar 2024. This is also an opportunity to take our long-lasting relationship with Airbus to the next level. My congratulations to the Eutelsat Group, Airbus and SpaceX teams for the completion of another successful satellite program.”

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Coherent reports major advance in VCSELs

Coherent reported a  significant breakthrough in improving the bandwidth of its vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), paving the way for use in next-generation optical interconnects that will operate at 200 Gbps per lane and thereby enabling optical transceivers with 1.6 Tbps capacity.

This improvement comes in the form of lithographic-aperture VCSELs, marking a significant departure from the oxide-aperture VCSELs that are the state-of-the-art VCSELs used in AI networks today. 

Oxide-aperture VCSELs are currently powering optical transceivers operating at 100G per lane data rates, including 800G (8x100G) multimode optical transceivers, but have reached their bandwidth limit of approximately 27 GHz. 

The new lithographic-aperture VCSELs feature exceedingly small apertures with high reproducibility and reliability. With this innovative design, it is feasible to achieve a device bandwidth of approximately 45 GHz, which, when combined with recent advances in digital signal processing technology, can pave the way to 1.6T (8x200G) multimode optical transceivers.

Multimode transceivers and links are ideally suited for short-reach connectivity in data centers, spanning artificial intelligence (AI), high-performance computing (HPC), and networking applications.

A technical paper describing this leap in performance was presented by Dr. Stefano Tirelli,  Senior Manager, VCSEL Technology, at OFC 2024.

“As a leading supplier of VCSELs for multimode 800G optical transceivers, we are pleased to extend our technological leadership on our roadmap toward next-generation 200G VCSELs,” said Chair and CEO Dr. Vincent D. (“Chuck”) Mattera, Jr. “The development of a reliable, lithographic-aperture VCSEL is a step in the right direction. While we have more work to do, we are very pleased with the progress we have made so far.”

https://www.coherent.com/news/press-releases/significant-advancement-in-vcsel-performance-next-gen-ai-networks

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Keysight bids for Spirent, topping Viavi’s offer

 Keysight Technologies announced its intention to acquire the entire issued and to be issued share capital of Spirent Communications PLC for a cash consideration of 199 pence per Spirent share, which values Spirent at approximately £1,158 million (US$ $1,463 million1), on a fully diluted basis. Spirent shareholders will also be entitled to receive a special dividend of 2.5 pence per Spirent share, in lieu of any final dividend for the year ended 31 December 2023 (together with the cash consideration of 199 pence per share, the “Offer”).

Spirent’s board of directors intend to unanimously recommend the Offer which is conditional on, among other things, the approval of the requisite majority of Spirent Shareholders at the Court Meeting and the Spirent General Meeting, as well as regulatory approval as laid out in the Offer announcement.

Keysight said it views Spirent’s business as highly attractive and aligned with Keysight’s long-term software-centric solutions strategy. Keysight believes there is strategic synergy between the two businesses, and that the parties’ respective complementary products will help customers address their complex engineering challenges. 

Commenting on the acquisition, Satish Dhanasekaran, President & Chief Executive Officer of Keysight, said: “Spirent has a differentiated portfolio, which is a strong fit for Keysight. Both companies share a common focus on empowering and accelerating high-value solutions for customers. In Keysight, Spirent will join a platform of significant customer scale with the capacity to provide the necessary capital and resources to help Spirent grow and accelerate the delivery of its strategic vision. Keysight’s long-term customer relationships, industry expertise and global reach will help Spirent drive product development and execute on its full potential. With similar cultures valuing customer-centricity and high-performance, we believe that Keysight will be an excellent home for Spirent to thrive and deliver sustainable, long-term growth. Our superior Offer recognizes the value of Spirent’s achievements to-date, and the exciting prospects of the combination of our complementary product portfolios to provide end-to-end solutions for customers across their lifecycle needs.”

Viavi to acquire Spirent, consolidating test & measurement companies

Tuesday, March 05, 2024    

VIAVI Solutions agreed to acquire Spirent Communications, a global provider of automated test and assurance solutions for networks, cybersecurity, and positioning, for approximately £1,005 million or $1,277 million, based on the exchange rate on March 4, 2024.In addition, Silver Lake is making a US$400 million long-term strategic investment in Viavi in connection with the acquisition. Viavi said it believes that acquiring Spirent will significantly...

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Lumentum enhances its 800ZR+

Lumentum announced significant performance enhancements to its 800ZR+ transceivers. These improvements enable the 800ZR+ modules to serve a wider range of applications, including expanded use in metro and regional networks through the ability to interface directly into routers. Additionally, the enhanced performance modes now make 400ZR+ and 600ZR+ operation suitable for true long-haul applications, with OSNR and dispersion tolerance enabling reaches exceeding 2000 km at 400 Gbps. 

Lumentum has optimized its latest generation of 800ZR+ modules to maximize performance, while maintaining a compact QSFP-DD and OSFP form factor. These modules employ Lumentum’s latest hybrid photonic integrated circuit technology, which incorporates both the company’s leading edge indium phosphide photonic integrated circuits and silicon photonics. The performance and use case flexibility provided by these modules mark a significant step in the evolution of high-speed communications networks.

“Lumentum's unique photonic component capabilities and innovative module designs, together with our partners' latest generation coherent DSPs, enable us to provide solutions that dramatically increase scalability for both cloud and telecom network operators,” said Wupen Yuen, President of Cloud and Networking at Lumentum. “Our advancements also help address the challenges of scaling data center interconnects for the bandwidth needs related to artificial intelligence and machine learning."

These modules are currently available for sampling.

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Credo and Wistron demo 800G Linear Receive Optics

Credo hosted a demonstration of Linear Receive Optics (LRO), using its Credo Dove 850 DSP, along with the 51.2 Tbps Wistron DS-6183-64O 64-port 800GbE switch. 

In an LRO transceiver, or Active Optical Cable (AOC), only the transmit path from the electrical input to the optical line side output includes a DSP for signal retiming and equalization. 

All three 800G OSFP LRO modules provided by Credo partners for this demonstration seamlessly “plug and play” with the 51.2T Wistron switch, a tremendous benefit in mass deployment.

The Dove 850 is a unidirectional 8 x 112 Gb/s DSP purpose built for the LRO architecture. The Dove 850 DSP aims to address the inherent weakness of a Linear Pluggable Optics (LPO) implementation by facilitating IEEE compliant optical transmit signaling and easing the deployment burden on system operators by eliminating manual, per port tuning. The result is lower bit error rates, enhanced sensitivity, reduced performance variation, and improved resilience to different switch ASICs, PCB traces, optical components, and environmental conditions. Dove 850 allows transceiver vendors to optimize module cost by employing a variety of optics, including VCSELs, silicon photonics, EML or thin-film lithium niobate as dictated by the application requirements.

Wistron’s DS-6183-64O is a compact 2RU 64 port 800G OSFP Ethernet Switch, built with Broadcom Tomahawk 5 chip, providing high bandwidth, high throughput, and reliable solutions. Support up to 102.4Tbps of switching I/O bandwidth and non-blocking switching fabric, delivering wire-speed L2 and L3 packet forwarding capabilities on all ports for Low-latency data transmission and support for state-of-the-art instrumentation feature. With the advanced system integration technique, all OSFP ports on DS-6183-64O support up to 800GbE and can be configured as 2 x 400GbE and also support 18W output. For long-range DCI application, 8 OSFP ports of DS-6183-64O could even support 25W in each port. DS-6183-64O is loaded with ONIE (Open Network Install Environment), which supports the installation of compatible NOS (Network Operating System) software, like SONiC.

“Linear Receive Optics are pushing the industry forward. Credo is streamlining implementation for module vendors while addressing the need for improved energy efficiency across the data center,” said Anderson Chiu, General Manager of Networking Development, Enterprise and Networking Business Group of Wistron. 

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Coherent samples bi-di circulator adaptor

Coherent introduced a bi-di circulator adaptor that enables bi-directional transmission over a single fiber between two transceivers. By enabling bi-directional transmission, the fiber count is reduced by a factor of two, which allows significant cost and space savings.

The Coherent bi-di circulator adaptor is a completely passive device, compatible with all transceiver LC connector ports, offering low insertion loss as well as high directivity in a compact footprint. It is available in O-band, C-band, and L-band versions, and customized designs can be considered as well.

“The urgent demand for improved utilization of the fiber plant with markets as diverse as AI/ML applications within the data center and the broadband access market shows the real need for simple, cost-effective solutions like our bi-di adaptor. By combining our fully vertically integrated supply chain, including the core garnet chips, with our fully automated assembly process, we can deliver a high-volume solution that brings significant value to our customers,” said Dr. Beck Mason, Executive Vice President, Telecommunications.

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Dell'Oro: Telecom Capex Declined in 2023

 

Preliminary findings show that worldwide telecom capex, the sum of wireless and wireline/other telecom carrier investments, declined for the full year 2023 in nominal USD terms, recording the first contraction since 2017, according to a recent report from Dell'Oro Group. This deceleration in the broader capex spend is consistent with the aggregate telco equipment slump previously communicated for the six Dell'Oro telecom programs (Broadband Access, Microwave Transmission & Mobile Backhaul, Optical Transport, Mobile Core Network, Radio Access Network, Service Provider Routers & Switch).

"The fundamental challenges have not changed. Operators have a fixed capital intensity budget and capex is largely constrained by the revenue trajectory," said Stefan Pongratz, Vice President and analyst with Dell'Oro Group. "What is complicating the situation is that the revenue pie remains fixed. Following some positive developments amidst the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic, our analysis shows that operator revenue growth slowed in 2023 and has more or less remained stagnant over the past decade. And based on the guidance, operators, in general, are not overly optimistic that emerging opportunities with generative AI, edge computing, enterprise 5G, FWA, and 5G-Advanced will expand the pie," continued Pongratz.

Additional highlights from the March 2024 Telecom Capex report:

• Global carrier revenues are expected to increase at a 1 percent CAGR over the next 3 years.
• Market conditions are expected to remain challenging in 2024. Worldwide telecom capex is now projected to decline at a mid-single-digit rate in 2024 and at a negative 2 to 3 percent CAGR by 2026.
• The mix between wireless and wireline remains largely unchanged, reflecting challenging times still ahead for wireless. Wireless related capex is on track to decline at a double-digit rate in the US in 2024.
• 5G era capital intensity ratios peaked in 2022 and are on track to approach 15 percent by 2026, down from 18 percent in 2022.

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TRUMPF demos 100G VCSEL for 800G transceiver

 TRUMPF Photonic Components demonstrated 100Gbps VCSEL performance in an 800G tranceiver by Optomind. 

TRUMPF argues that for interconnect distances of up to 100 meters, VCSELs are the best solution in terms of power, cost and the productivity of SR modules. TRUMPF is offering both VCSELs and photodiodes as a matching pair solution, in singlets, 1x4 arrays and 1x12 arrays for 14G and 25G for the NRZ applications. The same is offered for 56G PAM4 applications. The VCSELs are specifically designed and implemented to meet the requirements of hyperscale data centers including for AI/ML applications, high-performance computing systems, and other bandwidth-intensive applications, as they deliver high performance and reliable data transmission at high speeds.

“We are delighted to have achieved a performance of 800Gbps in our transceiver leveraging innovative optics technology and TRUMPF’s VCSEL” commented Yung Son, Chief Marketing Officer of Optomind. “We look forward to solidifying our partnership with TRUMPF as the strategic best-in-class VCSEL supplier for distinguished transceiver and active optical cable (AOC) to our customers,” he added.

“We are pleased to have collaborated with Optomind to demonstrate the performance of our VCSEL at PAM4 112Gbps/ch in their transceiver, which validates the use of it in a real-world application,” says Ralph Gudde, Vice President of Marketing and Sales at TRUMPF Photonic Components. “A full-featured version of our 100G VCSEL is planned for production release this summer. TRUMPF is diversified, has a strong technology background and brings solid long-term commitment as a technology partner and a key supplier into the datacom business.” he explained.

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MaxLinear announces “Rushmore” 200G/lane PAM4 DSPs

Building on its Keystone family of 5nm 100G/lane DSPs, MaxLinear announced the development of its fourth generation 200G/lane PAM4 SERDES (Serializer/Deserializer) and DSP family, Rushmore. 

The Rushmore family encompasses a diverse array of variants tailored to meet the evolving needs of modern data centers and telecommunications networks. This includes support for fully re-timed optical modules, half re-timed optics, and active electrical cables (AECs). Moreover, MaxLinear is introducing both 8x200G-to-8x200G re-timers and 8x100G-to-4x200G gearbox variants, providing customers with a comprehensive suite of solutions to address their specific requirements.

The devices will be produced by Samsung Foundry using its leading-edge-CMOS-based process.

“The AI/ML revolution has accelerated the pace of innovation across the industry, and that is also the case at MaxLinear,” said Drew Guckenberger, Vice President of High Speed Interconnect at MaxLinear. “Starting from our highly successful Keystone 5nm 100G/lane DSP family, the amount of additional innovation that has gone into the new Rushmore 200G/lane DSP family is incredible. The impacts on power and performance our partners will see are expected to be significant for the industry as a whole as we scale into the new AI/ML world.”

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OE Solutions extends its transceiver portfolio

OE Solutions introduced two new Digital Coherent Optical (DCO) transceiver modules for applications in access networks. Both are available with optional EDFA booster amplifier and tunable optical filter.

• Reduced-power 100G QSFP28 DCO transceiver -- a result of OE Solutions’ continued focus on reducing the power consumption of coherent transceivers for access applications. Current improvements to the designs enable a device with a maximum power consumption below 10W allowing the transceivers to be used in more network elements.  The 100G QSFP28 DCO without booster amplifier exhibits a power consumption of less than 10W. It will sample in May of this year and be generally available in June. 
• 400ZR QSFP-DD DCO -- available with or without EDFA booster amplifier and tunable optical filter, is the first product in a series of 400G DCO transceivers that will include also ZR+ and OpenROADM variants in the future. The 400ZR device leverages 60GB components and 16-QAM encoding. Samples of the 400ZR QSFP-DD DCO transceiver will be available in August, and generally availability will be in October of this year.

“We are excited about this enhancement of our DCO portfolio giving our customer additional options for optimizing access networks to accommodate the growing bandwidth needs at the edge of the network”, said Walter Lee, Vice President and General Manager of the Optical Transceiver Business Unit. He continued, “We will continue to focus our development on coherent transceiver variants targeting the particular needs of access networks with their broad range of requirements and deployment environments”.

https://oesolutions.com/

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